Paper ID: 2410.21526

Not All LLM-Generated Data Are Equal: Rethinking Data Weighting in Text Classification

Hsun-Yu Kuo, Yin-Hsiang Liao, Yu-Chieh Chao, Wei-Yun Ma, Pu-Jen Cheng

Synthetic data augmentation via large language models (LLMs) allows researchers to leverage additional training data, thus enhancing the performance of downstream tasks, especially when real-world data is scarce. However, the generated data can deviate from the real-world data, and this misalignment can bring deficient outcomes while applying the trained model to applications. Therefore, we proposed efficient weighted-loss approaches to align synthetic data with real-world distribution by emphasizing high-quality and diversified data generated by LLMs with using merely a little real-world data. We empirically assessed the effectiveness of our method on multiple text classification tasks, and the results showed leveraging our approaches on a BERT-level model robustly outperformed standard cross-entropy and other data weighting approaches, providing potential solutions to effectively leveraging synthetic data from any suitable data generator for model training.

Submitted: Oct 28, 2024