Breast Cancer Metastasis

Breast cancer metastasis, the spread of cancer to distant sites, remains a leading cause of death in women, driving research toward improved prediction and diagnosis. Current efforts heavily utilize deep feedforward neural networks (DFNNs), often optimized through sophisticated grid search techniques like single hyperparameter grid search (SHGS) and three-stage heuristic mechanisms, to analyze clinical and pathological data for accurate risk stratification and early detection. These AI-driven approaches aim to enhance prognostic accuracy, potentially reducing unnecessary aggressive treatments while ensuring timely intervention for high-risk patients, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, research is exploring computationally efficient deep learning models adaptable to resource-limited settings to address global health disparities in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.