Condescending Language

Patronizing and condescending language (PCL) is a form of toxic speech subtly targeting vulnerable groups, posing a significant challenge for automated detection due to its implicit nature and reliance on context. Current research focuses on developing robust machine learning models, primarily leveraging large language models (LLMs) like RoBERTa and T5, and exploring multimodal approaches incorporating facial expressions to improve accuracy. These advancements are crucial for mitigating the harmful effects of PCL online and in other media, contributing to safer online environments and a better understanding of subtle forms of discrimination.