Diffusion Coefficient
The diffusion coefficient quantifies the rate at which particles spread out in a medium, a crucial parameter in diverse fields from material science to medical imaging. Current research focuses on efficiently and accurately estimating diffusion coefficients, particularly in complex systems, using techniques like score-based diffusion models, Gaussian processes, and deep learning architectures such as convolutional neural networks and vision transformers. These advancements improve the accuracy and speed of diffusion coefficient mapping, leading to better characterization of materials and biological tissues, with applications ranging from improved medical diagnoses (e.g., glioma detection) to a more precise understanding of muscle microstructure.