Frequency Modulation

Frequency modulation (FM) is a sound synthesis technique where the frequency of one waveform (the modulator) alters the frequency of another (the carrier), creating complex and expressive timbres. Current research focuses on improving FM synthesis through automated design using neural architecture search (NAS) and enhancing its controllability for musical applications, particularly addressing limitations in dynamic range and articulation. These advancements are impacting music technology by enabling the creation of more versatile and easily customizable digital synthesizers, while also providing new tools for analyzing the perception of complex sounds.