Functional Data
Functional data analysis focuses on data consisting of curves or functions, rather than individual data points, aiming to extract meaningful information and patterns from these complex datasets. Current research heavily utilizes deep neural networks, including specialized architectures tailored for multivariate and high-dimensional functional data, often incorporating techniques like principal component analysis for dimensionality reduction and employing loss functions optimized for functional data characteristics. These advancements enable improved classification, anomaly detection, and alignment of functional data, with applications spanning diverse fields such as medicine (e.g., ECG analysis), signal processing, and industrial monitoring, where understanding temporal or spatial patterns is crucial.