Gaussian Mixture
Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) are probabilistic models representing data as a weighted sum of Gaussian distributions, aiming to capture complex, multimodal data distributions. Current research focuses on improving parameter estimation efficiency, particularly for high-dimensional data and large numbers of components, often employing Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithms, sometimes with method-of-moments warm starts, and exploring alternative approaches like diffusion models and optimal transport. These advancements are crucial for applications ranging from medical image segmentation and anomaly detection to robotics and time series forecasting, where accurately modeling complex data distributions is essential for robust and reliable results.