Heterogeneity Challenge
Heterogeneity, the variability in data distribution, model architectures, and computational resources across distributed systems, poses a significant challenge to the effectiveness of federated learning and other machine learning applications. Current research focuses on developing robust algorithms and model architectures, such as personalized models, improved aggregation techniques (e.g., weighted averaging based on heterogeneity measures), and prompt tuning/logit distillation, to mitigate the negative impacts of heterogeneity on model accuracy and convergence speed. Addressing heterogeneity is crucial for advancing privacy-preserving machine learning, enabling efficient training across diverse datasets in various fields like healthcare, manufacturing, and environmental monitoring, and improving the generalizability and fairness of machine learning models.