Ki 67

Ki-67 is a nuclear protein whose expression level, quantified as the Ki-67 index, serves as a crucial prognostic biomarker in various cancers, particularly breast cancer, indicating tumor aggressiveness and predicting treatment response. Current research focuses on developing automated methods for Ki-67 index estimation using digital pathology images, employing deep learning architectures like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), Vision Transformers (ViTs), and refined segmentation techniques to improve accuracy and efficiency compared to manual assessment. These advancements aim to enhance the objectivity, reproducibility, and accessibility of Ki-67 assessment in clinical practice, ultimately improving cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.