Medium Range

Medium-range weather forecasting, aiming to predict weather patterns from a few days to two weeks ahead, is undergoing a revolution driven by machine learning. Current research heavily focuses on developing and refining large-scale AI models, employing architectures like transformers, convolutional neural networks, and diffusion models, often incorporating elements of physics-based numerical weather prediction for improved accuracy and reliability. These advancements offer the potential for significantly faster, more accurate, and higher-resolution forecasts, impacting various sectors including renewable energy, agriculture, and disaster preparedness. The development of robust probabilistic forecasts, capable of quantifying uncertainty, is also a key area of ongoing investigation.