Model Based Clustering
Model-based clustering uses probabilistic models, often Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) or their variations (e.g., incorporating skewed distributions or handling time series data), to group data points based on their underlying probability distributions. Current research emphasizes improving the efficiency and stability of algorithms like Expectation-Maximization (EM), developing methods to handle constraints (e.g., metric constraints or missing data), and addressing challenges like determining the optimal number of clusters and handling outliers. These advancements enhance the accuracy and applicability of model-based clustering across diverse fields, including genomics, trajectory analysis, and the analysis of complex datasets with heterogeneous structures.