Natural Science

Natural science research is increasingly leveraging artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning (ML), to accelerate discovery and enhance understanding across diverse scales, from quantum systems to macroscopic phenomena. Current efforts focus on developing and adapting large language models (LLMs) and other deep learning architectures for specific scientific tasks, while simultaneously addressing challenges like bias mitigation, uncertainty quantification, and the incorporation of measurement errors into model evaluation. This integration of AI and natural science promises to improve the efficiency and reliability of scientific inquiry, leading to more robust analyses and potentially transformative discoveries.