Otsu Algorithm

The Otsu algorithm is a widely used image thresholding technique that automatically determines the optimal threshold to separate an image into foreground and background based on minimizing within-class variance. Current research explores its application in diverse fields, including medical image analysis (e.g., segmenting tissue in whole-slide images, detecting lung nodules), satellite image processing, and even agricultural applications like evaluating tree pruning. This simple yet effective method is being integrated into more complex algorithms, such as hybrid approaches combining Otsu with differential evolution, genetic algorithms, or support vector machines, to improve accuracy and efficiency in various image segmentation tasks. The algorithm's robustness and computational efficiency make it a valuable tool across numerous scientific disciplines and practical applications.