Panoramic X Ray

Panoramic X-rays (PX) are a widely used, cost-effective dental imaging modality, but their 2D nature limits diagnostic capabilities compared to 3D methods. Current research focuses on improving PX analysis through techniques like 2D-to-3D reconstruction using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), multilayer perceptrons (MLPs), and transformers, often incorporating self-supervised learning to address data scarcity. These advancements aim to enhance the accuracy of tasks such as tooth segmentation, disease detection (e.g., caries, periapical lesions), and even forensic applications like age and gender estimation, ultimately improving dental diagnosis and treatment planning.