Printed Circuit Board

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are fundamental to modern electronics, and ensuring their quality and efficient recycling is crucial. Current research heavily emphasizes automated defect detection and component identification using computer vision and machine learning, frequently employing deep learning architectures like YOLOv5, EfficientDet, and various U-Net variations. These advancements aim to improve manufacturing efficiency, reduce e-waste, and enable more effective component-level recycling through automated disassembly and sorting, ultimately impacting both industrial processes and environmental sustainability.