Surrogate Likelihood
Surrogate likelihood methods aim to replace computationally expensive or intractable likelihood functions in statistical inference, enabling efficient Bayesian inference and model training, particularly with large datasets. Current research focuses on developing surrogate likelihoods using neural networks, normalizing flows, and other flexible models, often within distributed or communication-efficient algorithms for high-dimensional data. These techniques are significantly impacting various fields, improving the scalability and practicality of Bayesian inference in applications ranging from astrophysics and neuroscience to large-scale machine learning. The development of theoretical guarantees for the accuracy and consistency of these surrogates remains an active area of investigation.