Time Difference of Arrival

Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) is a technique for locating sound or radio sources by measuring the differences in arrival times of signals at multiple receivers. Current research focuses on improving TDOA accuracy and robustness in challenging environments (e.g., multipath propagation, noise) through advanced algorithms like particle flow filtering, optimal transport formulations, and deep learning-based approaches for feature extraction and anchor selection. These advancements are driving improvements in applications ranging from sound event localization and indoor positioning systems to underwater acoustic source tracking and passive surveillance, with a strong emphasis on enhancing accuracy and efficiency while minimizing power consumption and preserving user privacy.