Tumor Microenvironment

The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses the complex interplay of cells, molecules, and extracellular matrix surrounding tumor cells, significantly influencing cancer progression, treatment response, and patient prognosis. Current research heavily utilizes deep learning, employing architectures like transformers, Siamese networks, and multiple instance learning (MIL) to analyze high-dimensional data from whole slide images (WSIs) and genomics, aiming to identify TME subtypes, predict survival, and understand drug response. This work is crucial for advancing precision oncology by enabling more accurate diagnosis, personalized treatment strategies, and improved patient outcomes through a deeper understanding of the TME's multifaceted role in cancer.