Paper ID: 2206.04688

A New Frontier of AI: On-Device AI Training and Personalization

Ji Joong Moon, Hyun Suk Lee, Jiho Chu, Donghak Park, Seungbaek Hong, Hyungjun Seo, Donghyeon Jeong, Sungsik Kong, MyungJoo Ham

Modern consumer electronic devices have started executing deep learning-based intelligence services on devices, not cloud servers, to keep personal data on devices and to reduce network and cloud costs. We find such a trend as the opportunity to personalize intelligence services by updating neural networks with user data without exposing the data out of devices: on-device training. However, the limited resources of devices incurs significant difficulties. We propose a light-weight on-device training framework, NNTrainer, which provides highly memory-efficient neural network training techniques and proactive swapping based on fine-grained execution order analysis for neural networks. Moreover, its optimizations do not sacrifice accuracy and are transparent to training algorithms; thus, prior algorithmic studies may be implemented on top of NNTrainer. The evaluations show that NNTrainer can reduce memory consumption down to 1/20 (saving 95%!) and effectively personalizes intelligence services on devices. NNTrainer is cross-platform and practical open-source software, which is being deployed to millions of mobile devices.

Submitted: Jun 9, 2022