Paper ID: 2411.10137

Legal Evalutions and Challenges of Large Language Models

Jiaqi Wang, Huan Zhao, Zhenyuan Yang, Peng Shu, Junhao Chen, Haobo Sun, Ruixi Liang, Shixin Li, Pengcheng Shi, Longjun Ma, Zongjia Liu, Zhengliang Liu, Tianyang Zhong, Yutong Zhang, Chong Ma, Xin Zhang, Tuo Zhang, Tianli Ding, Yudan Ren, Tianming Liu, Xi Jiang, Shu Zhang

In this paper, we review legal testing methods based on Large Language Models (LLMs), using the OPENAI o1 model as a case study to evaluate the performance of large models in applying legal provisions. We compare current state-of-the-art LLMs, including open-source, closed-source, and legal-specific models trained specifically for the legal domain. Systematic tests are conducted on English and Chinese legal cases, and the results are analyzed in depth. Through systematic testing of legal cases from common law systems and China, this paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of LLMs in understanding and applying legal texts, reasoning through legal issues, and predicting judgments. The experimental results highlight both the potential and limitations of LLMs in legal applications, particularly in terms of challenges related to the interpretation of legal language and the accuracy of legal reasoning. Finally, the paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of models, offering valuable insights and references for the future application of AI in the legal field.

Submitted: Nov 15, 2024