Physical Knowledge
Physical knowledge integration into machine learning models is a burgeoning field aiming to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and generalizability of data-driven predictions in various domains. Current research focuses on incorporating partial physical knowledge into neural networks, particularly through physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) and hybrid approaches combining data-driven and physics-based methods. These advancements address challenges like limited data availability and high computational costs, leading to improved performance in applications such as process systems modeling, reinforcement learning, and dynamic process operations. The resulting models offer a more robust and efficient way to analyze complex systems where complete physical descriptions are unavailable or computationally intractable.