ReART: Reference-Guided Retrieval and Refinement for Emotion-Aware Art Generation
Organizations: Wangxuan Institute of Computer Technology, Peking University Beijing, China · School of Computer Science, Wuhan University Wuhan, China
Abstract
Emotion-aware artistic image generation requires a model to satisfy semantic content, artistic style, and target emotion simultaneously. The key challenge is that artistic captions conflate these axes into underspecified free-form text, making fine-grained visual attributes such as brushwork, composition, and tonal atmosphere difficult to ground concretely. We present ReART, a reference-guided retrieval and refinement framework. Our method decomposes test captions and each image annotation in the EmoArt database into structured visual fields, and performs field-wise retrieval over subject, layout, brush-line, and tone-mood dimensions to retrieve role-specific visual references that supply the perceptual detail text alone cannot convey; these references are used alongside a structured prompt for initial synthesis. For samples where any Attribute Alignment Score (AAS) axis falls below threshold, an AAS-driven refinement loop diagnoses failures, constructs constrained repair plans specifying elements to keep, errors to fix, and operations to avoid, routes references by correction purpose, and performs controlled editing under structural preservation constraints. Our system ranks 2nd in Track 1 of the AffectiveArt 2026 Grand Challenge, achieving a perfect AAS of 1.00 and an overall score of 0.78. Code is available at https://github.com/oceanflowlab/ReART.git.
Figures & tables
| Method | FID | AAS (0-10) | Content | Style | Attribute |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FLUX.1-dev ( Black Forest Labs 2024 ) + IP-Adapter ( Ye et al. 2023 ; InstantX Team 2024 ) | 170.51 | 6.52 | 6.78 | 7.46 | 5.33 |
| Qwen-Image ( Wu et al. 2025 ) | 162.94 | 7.69 | 7.82 | 7.67 | 7.59 |
| HiDream-O1-Image ( Cai et al. 2026 ) | 156.33 | 7.65 | 8.06 | 7.95 | 6.94 |
| ReART (Ours) | 147.43 | 9.77 | 9.88 | 9.65 | 9.79 |
| Method | FID | AAS (0-10) | Content | Style | Attribute |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) Caption-only generation | 193.47 | 8.68 | 9.27 | 8.10 | 8.66 |
| (2) Structured fields, no references | 186.86 | 8.84 | 9.36 | 8.38 | 8.77 |
| (3) Structured fields + references (Stage I) | 158.69 | 9.45 | 9.58 | 9.24 | 9.52 |
| (4) Naive Re-edit | 157.73 | 9.45 | 9.62 | 9.17 | 9.54 |
| (5) w/o Constrained Editing | 154.63 | 9.60 | 9.73 | 9.40 | 9.67 |
| (6) w/o Reference Routing | 150.78 | 9.67 | 9.83 | 9.47 | 9.71 |
| Rank | Team | Overall | FID | AAS (0-1) | Content | Style | Attribute |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | USTC_PI_LAB_TEAM | 0.80 | 66.12 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1.00 |
| 2 | EmoForge (Ours) | 0.78 | 77.47 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 3 | VIRlab | 0.78 | 75.56 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
| 4 | edaich | 0.77 | 78.59 | 0.99 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
| 5 | Latent Feeling | 0.76 | 87.51 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Image Generation
Image generation studies models that create or edit images from text, examples, layouts, and other structured controls.
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