Generating coherent videos grounded in a unified underlying world remains a major challenge, particularly under large viewpoint changes, where existing methods often struggle to maintain stable representations of individual objects. To this end, we introduce Totem, an object-centric 3D memory framework for world-consistent video generation. Totem first represents each selected object as a persistent 3D memory aligned to a shared world frame, assigning it a dedicated state. Based on these memories, we design a dual-stream 3D conditioning architecture that combines object memories with scene geometry for target-view synthesis. Moreover, these object memories constrain the model's attention with 3D structural information, thereby preserving object surfaces and relative spatial layouts. Extensive experiments on world-generation and object-centric benchmarks demonstrate that Totem generates videos depicting a more object-consistent 3D world under challenging camera trajectories, while supporting versatile applications.
Figures & tables
Figure 2: Overview of Totem, arranged from left to right. Standard video-network details and routine injection paths for text, camera, image, and mask information are omitted for clarity. From the reference image and target camera trajectory on the left, Totem constructs canonical object memories, aligns them to a shared world frame, and renders view-aligned dual-stream conditions. In the center, the conditions are separately encoded and projected, fused into control tokens, and injected into the frozen DiT through a ControlNet branch. On the right, two object-centric attention (OCA) mechanisms impose complementary constraints in canonical and world spaces to maintain object-level consistency.
Method
WorldScore Static
Camera Control
Object Control
Content Alignment
3D Consistency
Photometric Consistency
Style Consistency
Subjective Quality
Voyager [ 16 ]
77.62
85.95
66.92
68.92
81.56
85.99
84.89
71.09
Spatia [ 54 ]
72.63
75.66
52.32
69.95
86.40
89.10
80.09
54.86
Mirage [ 40 ]
73.60
55.36
74.17
42.09
92.21
93.95
96.91
60.50
EonWorld [ 8 ]
81.08
79.51
61.00
82.12
92.76
89.18
96.70
66.28
WorldScape-0.2 [ 25 ]
85.13
94.32
87.65
78.13
86.51
90.02
90.52
68.75
UniWorld-View [ 57 ]
85.53
97.72
88.98
86.61
91.63
94.11
76.55
63.12
Table 1: Quantitative comparison on WorldScore Benchmark. Bold indicates the best result; underlining indicates the second-best result.
Method
I2V Subject
I2V Background
Subject Consistency
Background Consistency
Motion Smoothness
Temporal Flickering
Video Similarity
Object Similarity
Chamfer Distance
MEt3R
ViewCrafter [ 49 ]
95.73
95.58
92.81
93.74
97.64
96.28
81.47
67.4
0.1423
0.1308
GEN3C [ 29 ]
96.38
97.42
93.86
95.33
98.57
97.52
83.92
70.3
0.1154
0.1057
Voyager [ 16 ]
96.72
97.18
93.28
95.06
98.17
96.85
83.24
69.5
0.1128
0.1103
Spatia [ 54 ]
97.34
97.63
94.15
95.27
99.16
98.44
84.56
71.1
0.1246
0.1176
WorldStereo [ 52 ]
96.93
98.06
93.98
95.82
98.48
97.36
83.76
71.4
0.1053
0.0964
Totem
97.76
97.86
95.04
95.62
98.82
97.75
85.08
73.2
0.0976
0.0818
Table 2: Quantitative comparison on ConsIDVid-Bench. Bold indicates the best result; underlining indicates the second-best result.
Figure 3: Qualitative results on video generation. Compared to the baselines, our model can generate videos with higher consistency while preserving the content in the input view.
Variant
PSNR ↑
SSIM ↑
LPIPS ↓
Object Similarity ↑
Chamfer Distance ↓
MEt3R ↓
Wan2.2 [ 36 , 35 ] with Camera Branch
17.31
0.528
0.466
48.5
0.289
0.361
+ Projected Point Cloud
21.04
0.653
0.347
53.7
0.234
0.284
+ Dual-Stream View Guidance
23.15
0.759
0.241
58.6
0.173
0.208
+ Dual-Stream View Guidance + OCA
25.67
0.838
0.139
65.3
0.124
0.138
Table 3: Ablation study of Dual-Stream View Guidance and Object-Centric Attention (OCA) on the OOD benchmark.
Figure 4: Applications: (a) Camera-controllable video generation. (b) 3D-aware video editing. (c) Long-range video generation.
Method
RotErr ↓
TransErr ↓
RPE-T ↓
RPE-R ↓
ATE ↓
AC3D [ 1 ]
16.87
0.358
4.12
1.58
0.842
CamI2V [ 56 ]
14.63
0.312
3.34
1.42
0.689
CameraNoise [ 53 ]
8.92
0.167
2.23
0.683
0.388
RealCam-I2V [ 22 ]
8.14
0.134
2.41
0.911
0.329
TriMotion-Pose [ 32 ]
5.38
0.146
1.57
0.462
0.253
Totem
3.82
0.077
1.06
0.418
0.148
Table 4: Quantitative comparison of camera-controllable video generation on the OOD benchmark. Translation-related errors are computed on scale-normalized trajectories, RPE is measured between consecutive frames, and ATE is calculated after global Sim(3) alignment.
We present OctWorld, a video diffusion framework with persistent 3D memory for generating explorable, world-consistent, and high-fidelity visual scenes. Given a single image, OctWorld performs stable autoregressive world generation along user-specified camera trajectories. We focus on long-range generation, characterized by extended camera paths and wide viewpoint coverage, where preserving spatial consistency is particularly challenging when previously generated regions are revisited. To address this problem, we introduce OctMap, an extensible and spatially adaptive 3D memory that progressively fuses generated visual observations and their corresponding depth maps into a global representation. OctMap employs TSDF fusion within a dynamic sparse octree whose spatial resolution adapts to image evidence. This design preserves geometric and appearance details across diverse scene scales while maintaining low memory overhead. Experiments demonstrate that OctWorld generates long-range, spatially consistent videos and outperforms prior methods on both existing benchmarks and challenging long-range generation settings. OctMap also provides clear advantages over point-based caches and fixed-resolution TSDF volumes. Project page: https://maxtirerror.github.io/octworldpage/
Zelong Lv, Sicheng Xu, Jianfeng Xiang +5
University of Science and Technology of China · Microsoft Research Asia · Tsinghua University
Despite remarkable progress in video generation, maintaining long-term scene consistency upon revisiting previously explored areas remains challenging. Existing solutions rely either on explicitly constructing 3D geometry, which suffers from error accumulation and scale ambiguity, or on naive camera Field-of-View (FoV) retrieval, which typically fails under complex occlusions. To overcome these limitations, we propose I3DM, a novel implicit 3D-aware memory mechanism for consistent video scene generation that bypasses explicit 3D reconstruction. At the core of our approach is a 3D-aware memory retrieval strategy, which leverages the intermediate features of a pre-trained Feed-Forward Novel View Synthesis (FF-NVS) model to score view relevance, enabling robust retrieval even in highly occluded scenarios. Furthermore, to fully utilize the retrieved historical frames, we introduce a 3D-aligned memory injection module. This module implicitly warps historical content to the target view and adaptively conditions the generation on reliable warping regions, leading to improved revisit consistency and accurate camera control. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, achieving superior revisit consistency, generation fidelity, and camera control precision.
Jia Li, Han Yan, Yihang Chen +6
Monash University · Vertex Lab · Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Maintaining spatial world consistency over long horizons remains a central challenge for camera-controllable video generation. Existing memory-based approaches often condition generation on globally reconstructed 3D scenes by rendering anchor videos from the reconstructed geometry in the history. However, reconstructing a global 3D scene from multiple views inevitably introduces cross-view misalignment, as pose and depth estimation errors cause the same surfaces to be reconstructed at slightly different 3D locations across views. When fused, these inconsistencies accumulate into noisy geometry that contaminates the conditioning signals and degrades generation quality. We introduce AnchorWeave, a memory-augmented video generation framework that replaces a single misaligned global memory with multiple clean local geometric memories and learns to reconcile their cross-view inconsistencies. To this end, AnchorWeave performs coverage-driven local memory retrieval aligned with the target trajectory and integrates the selected local memories through a multi-anchor weaving controller during generation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that AnchorWeave significantly improves long-term scene consistency while maintaining strong visual quality, with ablation and analysis studies further validating the effectiveness of local geometric conditioning, multi-anchor control, and coverage-driven retrieval.
Zun Wang, Han Lin, Jaehong Yoon +3
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA · Nanyang Technological University, Singapore · Johns Hopkins University, USA +1