Parametric CAD Bench v3: Evaluating Agentic Parametric CAD Authoring from Text and Engineering Drawings

Computer-use agents are increasingly evaluated in realistic desktop environments, but existing benchmarks provide limited coverage of professional engineering workflows whose outputs are persistent, structured artifacts. Mechanical computer-aided design (CAD) is a particularly demanding setting: an agent must manipulate geometry and constraints over long interaction horizons while producing a native project whose dimensions, construction structure, and downstream engineering state remain valid. We introduce CADWorld, a benchmark for long-horizon computer use in FreeCAD. CADWorld contains 200 tasks spanning 11 mechanical-CAD workflow categories, including sketching, part modeling, assembly, CAM, FEM, measurement, mesh processing, and technical drawing. Agents operate through screenshots and GUI actions, while success is determined by task-specific executable checks over saved FreeCAD artifacts and auxiliary outputs, covering geometric properties, parametric structure, constraints, manufacturing state, and simulation results. Across seven current agents on the full benchmark, the strongest agent achieves 17.5% success, compared with an 87.0% expert reference pass. We find that weaker agents often fail before producing a valid artifact, whereas stronger agents increasingly fail on structural, geometric, and construction-process requirements. CADWorld therefore exposes a gap between general GUI competence and reliable execution of persistent, verifiable engineering workflows. Project accessible at https://cad-world.github.io.

Industrial Computer-Aided Design (CAD) code generation requires models to produce executable parametric programs from visual or textual inputs. Beyond recognizing the outer shape of a part, this task involves understanding its 3D structure, inferring engineering parameters, and choosing CAD operations that reflect how the part would be designed and manufactured. Despite the promise of Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for this task, they are rarely evaluated on whether these capabilities jointly hold in realistic industrial CAD settings. We present BenchCAD, a unified benchmark for industrial CAD reasoning. BenchCAD contains 17,900 execution-verified CadQuery programs across 106 industrial part families, including bevel gears, compression springs, twist drills, and other reusable engineering designs. It evaluates models through visual question answering, code question answering, image-to-code generation, and instruction-guided code editing, enabling fine-grained analysis across perception, parametric abstraction, and executable program synthesis. Across 10+ frontier models, BenchCAD shows that current systems often recover coarse outer geometry but fail to produce faithful parametric CAD programs. Common failures include missing fine 3D structure, misinterpreting industrial design parameters, and replacing essential operations such as sweeps, lofts, and twist-extrudes with simpler sketch-and-extrude patterns. Fine-tuning and reinforcement learning improve in-distribution performance, but generalization to unseen part families remains limited. These results position BenchCAD as a benchmark for measuring and improving the industrial readiness of multimodal CAD automation.

A CAD model is not engineering-grade merely because it looks correct. It must satisfy design requirements, respond predictably to parameter changes, support controlled edits, match a reference structural response under a declared analysis, and connect to other parts through valid joints. We present CADEngBench, a two-track benchmark for these capabilities. CADEngBench-P evaluates 300 parametric parts, each used for one zero-to-CAD task and one functional-editing task (600 tasks in total), through boundary-representation (B-Rep) validity, engineering and DFM checks, parameter-family perturbations, functional editing, and matched linear-static FEA in CalculiX. CADEngBench-A evaluates 150 body pairs through ranked joint retrieval, exact face-and-edge grounding, joint-frame prediction, and kinematic verification. Across eight multimodal, code-capable models, editing supplied CAD is substantially easier than generating it, while complex edits and matched FEA remain difficult. Assembly predictions often locate the relevant region but fail to recover the recorded joint or mating entities. These results show that CAD evaluation must test engineering behavior rather than appearance alone.