Image-Based Classification of Olive Species Specific to Turkiye with Deep Neural Networks

This study compares multiple deep learning architectures for the automated, image-based classification of five locally cultivated black table olive varieties in Turkey: Gemlik, Ayvalik, Uslu, Erkence, and Celebi. Using a dataset of 2500 images, ten architectures - MobileNetV2, EfficientNetB0, EfficientNetV2-S, ResNet50, ResNet101, DenseNet121, InceptionV3, ConvNeXt-Tiny, ViT-B16, and Swin-T - were trained using transfer learning. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Cohen's Kappa, ROC-AUC, number of parameters, FLOPs, inference time, and generalization gap. EfficientNetV2-S achieved the highest classification accuracy (95.8%), while EfficientNetB0 provided the best trade-off between accuracy and computational complexity. Overall, the results indicate that under limited data conditions, parametric efficiency plays a more critical role than model depth alone.

Globally, cotton is a highly economically beneficial crop, as the textile industry heavily depends on it. So, the precise identification and detection of cotton leaf disease is crucial for economic stability. The development goal of "CottonLeafVision" is to accurately classify and detect cotton leaf disease. With this goal, we have evaluated multiple pretrained Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, including DenseNet201, InceptionV3, and VGG19 on a publicly available cotton leaf disease image dataset. This image dataset includes seven classes, six disease classes, and one healthy class, collected under various field conditions reflecting real-world challenges. Among these pretrained models, with DenseNet201, we have achieved the highest classification accuracy of 98%. To enhance the model reliability and interpretability, we have implemented different techniques and methods such as Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM), occlusion sensitivity analysis and adversarial training to increase the noise resistance of the model. Finally, we have developed a prototype in order to utilize the model's capabilities on real life agriculture. This paper shows the deep learning model's capabilities to classify the disease in real-life cotton disease management situations.

As the worlds second most consumed beverage after water, tea is not just a cultural staple but a global economic force of profound scale and influence. More than a mere drink, it represents a quiet negotiation between nature, culture, and the human desire for a moment of reflection. So, the precise identification and detection of tea leaf disease is crucial. With this goal, we have evaluated several Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) models, among them three shows noticeable performance including DenseNet201, MobileNetV2, InceptionV3 on the teaLeafBD dataset. teaLeafBD dataset contains seven classes, six disease classes and one healthy class, collected under various field conditions reflecting real world challenges. Among the CNN models, DenseNet201 has achieved the highest test accuracy of 99%. In order to enhance the model reliability and interpretability, we have implemented Gradient weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad CAM), occlusion sensitivity analysis and adversarial training techniques to increase the noise resistance of the model. Finally, we have developed a prototype in order to leverage the models capabilities on real life agriculture. This paper illustrates the deep learning models capabilities to classify the disease in real life tea leaf disease detection and management.