cs.CLApr 22, 2026

GRISP: Guided Recurrent IRI Selection over SPARQL Skeletons

Authors: Sebastian WalterHannah Bast

Organizations: University of Freiburg · Department of Computer Science · Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany

Abstract

We present GRISP (Guided Recurrent IRI Selection over SPARQL Skeletons), a novel SPARQL-based question-answering method over knowledge graphs based on fine-tuning a small language model (SLM). Given a natural-language question, the method first uses the SLM to generate a natural-language SPARQL query skeleton, and then to re-rank and select knowledge graph items to iteratively replace the natural-language placeholders using knowledge graph constraints. The SLM is jointly trained on skeleton generation and list-wise re-ranking data generated from standard question-query pairs. We evaluate the method on common Wikidata and Freebase benchmarks, and achieve better results than other state-of-the-art methods in a comparable setting.

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