cs.LGApr 23, 2026

LTBs-KAN: Linear-Time B-splines Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

Authors: Eduardo Said Merin-MartinezAndres Mendez-VazquezEduardo Rodriguez-Tello

Organizations: Cinvestav, Unidad Guadalajara · Av. del Bosque 1145, El Bajio · Zapopan, Jalisco, 45017, Mexico · Cinvestav, Unidad Tamaulipas · Km. 5.5 Carretera Victoria - Soto La MarinaApr · Victoria, 87139, Tamaulipas, Mexico

Abstract

Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) are a recent neural network architecture offering an alternative to Multilayer Perceptrons (MLPs) with improved explainability and expressibility. However, KANs are significantly slower than MLPs due to the recursive nature of B-spline function computations, limiting their application. This work addresses these issues by proposing a novel base-spline Linear-Time B-splines Kolmogorov-Arnold Network (LTBs-KAN) with linear complexity. Unlike previous methods that rely on the Boor-Mansfield-Cox spline algorithm or other computationally intensive mathematical functions, our approach significantly reduces the computational burden. Additionally, we further reduce model's parameter through product-of-sums matrix factorization in the forward pass without sacrificing performance. Experiments on MNIST, Fashion-MNIST and CIFAR-10 demonstrate that LTBs-KAN achieves good time complexity and parameter reduction, when used as building architectural blocks, compared to other KAN implementations.

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