cs.CLMay 3, 2026

BIM Information Extraction Through LLM-based Adaptive Exploration

Authors: Sylvain HellinSuhyung JangStefan FuchsStavros NousiasAndré Borrmann

Organizations: Chair of Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Georg Nemetschek Institute, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Abstract

BIM models provide structured representations of building geometry, semantics, and topology, yet extracting specific information from them remains remarkably difficult. Current approaches translate natural language into structured queries by assuming a fixed data organization (static approach), which BIM heterogeneity eventually invalidates. We address this with a new paradigm, adaptive exploration, where an LLM-based agent iteratively executes code to extract information from a BIM model, discovering its structure at runtime instead of assuming it. We evaluate this approach on ifc-bench v2, an open-source BIM question-answering benchmark introduced alongside this work, comprising 1,027 tasks across 37 IFC models from 21 projects. A factorial ablation across two LLM capability levels and four augmentation strategies shows that adaptive exploration significantly outperforms static query generation across all configurations, regardless of the augmentation strategy. These results indicate that BIM heterogeneity is best addressed at the paradigm level, not by further optimizing static approaches.

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