cs.AIMay 29, 2026

Geodesic Flow Matching for Denoising High-Dimensional Structured Representations

Authors: Karim HabashyChris Eliasmith

Abstract

Vector Symbolic Algebras (VSAs) enable robust neurosymbolic reasoning by encoding symbolic information into high-dimensional distributed representations. For continuous domains, Spatial Semantic Pointers (SSPs) extend this framework by mapping variables onto continuous toroidal manifolds. However, standard approaches like Flow Matching assume a flat Euclidean geometry, which fails to account for the geometric constraints imposed on valid SSP states. We demonstrate that this assumption fails for SSPs: Euclidean linear interpolants ``cut through" the manifold's interior, destroying the phase and magnitude structure required for accurate decoding. To resolve this, we employ Geodesic Flow Matching, adapting Riemannian transport dynamics to strictly restrict the denoising flow to the SSP toroidal manifold. We validate this approach in a Spiking Neural SLAM system, showing that manifold-aware cleanup stabilizes path integration against drift. The method achieves a 72% reduction in tracking error and enables a 40% increase in neural efficiency compared to competitive baselines. Code is available at https://github.com/kremHabashy/CleanupSSP .

Explore similar work

May 5, 2026cs.LG

Flow Matching on Symmetric Spaces

We introduce a general framework for training flow matching models on Riemannian symmetric spaces, a large class of manifolds that includes the sphere, hyperbolic space and Grassmannians. We exploit their algebraic structure to reformulate flow matching on symmetric spaces as flow matching on a subspace of the Lie algebra of their isometry group, thus linearizing the problem and greatly simplifying the handling of geodesics. As an application, we showcase our framework on the real Grassmannians SO(n)/SO(k)×SO(nk)\operatorname{SO}(n) / \operatorname{SO}(k) \times \operatorname{SO}(n-k).
Francesco Ruscelli, Ferdinando Zanchetta, Rita Fioresi
Jun 14, 2026cs.LG

Topological Flow Matching

Flow matching is a powerful generative modeling framework, valued for its simplicity and strong empirical performance. However, its standard formulation treats signals on structured spaces, such as fMRI data on brain graphs, as points in Euclidean space, overlooking the rich topological features of their domains. To address this, we introduce topological flow matching, a topology-aware generalization of flow matching. We interpret flow matching as a framework for solving a degenerate Schrödinger bridge problem and inject topological information by augmenting the reference process with a Laplacian-derived drift. This principled modification captures the structure of the underlying domain while preserving the desirable properties of flow matching: a stable, simulation-free objective and deterministic sample paths. As a result, our framework serves as a drop-in replacement for standard flow matching. We demonstrate its effectiveness on diverse structured datasets, including brain fMRIs, ocean currents, seismic events, and traffic flows.
Kacper Wyrwal, İsmail İlkan Ceylan, Alexander Tong
Jul 13, 2026cs.LG

Velocity Scheduled Flow Matching

Flow matching trains a neural network to regress the conditional velocity along a linear interpolant between noise and data, and the number of network evaluations~(NFE) sets the cost of sampling. The straight-line interpolant carries an implicit choice: the sample moves at constant speed throughout the trajectory. We relax this choice and introduce Velocity Scheduled Flow Matching~(VSFM), which replaces the conditional target x1x0x_1 - x_0 with v(t)(x1x0)v(t)(x_1 - x_0) for any nonnegative profile v:[0,1]R0v:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}_{\geq 0} satisfying 01vdt=1\int_0^1 v\,dt = 1. We study six polynomial profiles drawn from motion planning. The first use of VSFM is at inference time: a pretrained linear flow-matching model can be sampled under any admissible profile by integrating its ODE on a non-uniform ττ-schedule, with no retraining and no additional computation; on CIFAR-10 this lowers FID by up to 19.8%19.8\%. Training from scratch under a braking profile gives a further reduction of 17.4%17.4\% at 44~NFE. Both gains follow from the local truncation error of the Euler integrator on the induced grid.
Vitalii Bondar