REACT 2026: The Fourth Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challenge: Personalised MAFRG and Appropriate EEG Reaction Prediction
Authors: Siyang Song, Micol Spitale, Zijian Wu, Xiangyu Kong, Cheng Luo, Cristina Palmero, German Barquero, Sergio Escalera, +6 more
Abstract
In dyadic interactions, various human facial reactions could be appropriate for responding to each human speaker behaviour. Following the successful organisation of the REACT 2023, 2024 and 2025 challenge series, a body of generative deep learning (DL) models have been developed for the problem of multiple appropriate facial reaction generation (MAFRG). This year, we propose the REACT 2026 challenge encouraging the development and benchmarking of Machine Learning (ML) models that can generate multiple personalised, appropriate, diverse, realistic and synchronised human-style facial reactions expressed by a specific human listener for responding to each given speaker behaviour. As a key of the challenge, we continuously provide challenge participants with MARS dataset introduced by REACT 2025 but additionally provide individual-level Big-Five personality labels and EEG recordings. This introduces a new one-to-many personalised facial reaction generation setting combining human expressive behavioural, affective and neurophysiological signals, which remains largely unexplored in current dyadic interaction modelling. This paper also presents the challenge guidelines and new baselines on the four proposed sub-challenges: Offline generic and personalised MAFRG as well as Online generic and personalised MAFRG, respectively, which are publicly available at https://github.com/reactmultimodalchallenge/baseline_react2026.
Facial micro-expressions are subtle and short-lived facial movements that provide important cues about genuine human emotions. However, modeling and generating them remains difficult because annotated micro-expression data is limited and the underlying facial motions are extremely weak. Existing micro-expression generation methods therefore often suffer from limited quality, weak robustness, and poor generalization. We propose MagPlus, a transferable micro-expression processing pipeline that connects micro-expression analysis with standard facial animation models. Instead of training a dedicated generator from scratch, MagPlus learns to magnify subtle facial motions into the range of regular facial expressions, transforming micro-expressions into signals that are compatible with existing facial expression processing models. The magnified sequence is then used by a standard facial expression model for tasks such as transfer and synthesis. A complementary DeMagPlus module then restores the generated motion back to realistic micro-expression intensity levels while preserving the synthesized dynamics. We evaluate the framework using four facial animation models: FOMM, FSRT, MetaPortrait, and EmoPortraits. None of these models are trained on micro-expression data. Experiments show that MagPlus-DeMagPlus enables pretrained macro-expression models to generate more realistic micro-expression motion without retraining the backbones.
Despite the high accuracy of EEG-based emotion recognition, existing models remain opaque "black boxes", lacking semantic grounding between abstract neural features and human-interpretable states. In this paper, we reframe EEG explainability as a cross-modal generation task, shifting the paradigm from feature attribution to behavioral visualization. We introduce Facial Emoji Proxy Modeling, a novel framework that translates high-dimensional EEG signals into identity-anonymized facial emojis. Guided by the neuroscientific inspiration of neural-facial association, this approach grounds neural representations in the manifold of observable facial dynamics. Technically, our framework integrates FMENet, a specialized backbone modeling expression-relevant spatial synergies, and the Facial Emoji Learning Branch (FELB), which treats emoji reconstruction as a structured semantic regularizer. Extensive experiments on EAV and MMER benchmarks demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy among EEG-only models. Crucially, it generates semantically faithful facial animations that provide a transparent, privacy-preserving window into the brain's emotional evolution, effectively allowing users to "see the emotion" directly from neural signals. Code is available at https://github.com/xian-sh/SeeEmotion
Dynamic facial expression recognition (DFER) benchmarks such as DFEW provide multiple annotator votes per clip, yet most models collapse them to a majority label and cannot represent human disagreement at inference time. We propose a disagreement-aware DFER framework that trains directly on the raw annotator count vector using a Dirichlet-Multinomial likelihood. Unlike mean-only soft-label objectives, the proposed likelihood provides scale-sensitive supervision for the Dirichlet concentration while preserving the predictive mean. A separate ambiguity head predicts annotation entropy for unseen clips, and a monotone Chow-style reject rule combines predicted ambiguity, vacuity, temporal instability, and input quality for selective prediction. On DFEW, the method preserves recognition accuracy while reducing ECE by 30% and AURC by 15%, and predicted ambiguity reaches a Spearman correlation of 0.52 with the annotation entropy of test clips. The calibration and selective-prediction gains transfer to FERV39k and remain under identity- and movie-disjoint DFEW splits.