This paper explores how {\textit{Calm Technology}} can be integrated into Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), with a particular focus on the household environment. It offers comprehensive guidelines for designing assistive robots that prioritize and enhance the human need for {\textit{equanimity}}, ensuring interactions are calm, non-intrusive, and harmonious. The paper examines the widespread influence of technology in contemporary life and its impact on cognitive capabilities, underscoring the need for responsible robotics and ethical considerations in future technological developments. By adapting {\textit{Calm Technology}} principles to domestic robots, the article provides concrete examples and features that should be employed in household assistive robotics. The goal is to foster a balanced, unobtrusive interaction between humans and robots, especially in the home environment, as it is the most privat environment in everyone's life, paving the way for applications and further research in the field.
Human-robot interaction (HRI) has long studied how agents and people coordinate to achieve shared goals. In this work, we formalize and benchmark the non-intrusive assistance as an independent paradigm of HRI, where a robot proactively supports a human's ongoing multi-step activities while strictly avoiding interruptions. Unlike conventional HRI tasks that rely on direct commands, explicit negotiation, or proactive interventions based on user habits and history, our task treats the human's plan as the primary process and formulates assistance as a joint decision over when to act and what to do. To systematically evaluate this problem, we establish a simulation benchmark, NIABench, along with new metrics tailored to the non-intrusive assistance task. We further propose a hybrid architecture that integrates an LLM with a scoring model. The scoring model first applies semantic retrieval to prune large candidate action sets, and then a ranker evaluates human-step and robot-action pairs, enabling reasoning over timing and cross-step dependencies. Comprehensive experiments on both NIABench and real-world scenarios demonstrate that our method achieves proactive, non-intrusive assistance that reduces human effort while preserving task effectiveness.
While personalisation is becoming a defining capability in human-robot interaction (HRI), the existing literature on responsible personalisation remains fragmented, offering isolated accounts of ethical risks without a structured understanding of how they emerge across interaction contexts. This gap is particularly critical in HRI, where robots' embodiment and social presence can amplify and reshape such risks or generate new types of risks. We present a lifecycle-based and context-sensitive framework for personalised HRI, grounded in an embodiment-aware perspective. The framework combines stages of the personalisation process with interaction characteristics (short-term vs. long-term, open-domain vs. closed-domain), enabling systematic analysis of how risks arise and evolve. Building on this, we conduct an integrative analysis of key ethical risks, including autonomy erosion, biased user modelling, manipulation, dehumanisation, and privacy violations, and examine how they manifest across contexts. We translate these insights into actionable design recommendations and outline open research challenges. By structuring both the design space and risk landscape of personalised HRI, this work provides a foundation for more systematic, transparent, and ethically grounded approaches to personalised robot behaviour.
Antonio Andriella, Jauwairia Nasir, Andrea Rezzani +7
The sense of family connectedness may support positive outcomes including individual well-being, resilience, and healthy family functioning. However, as technologies advance, they often replace human-human interactions instead of nurturing them. In this work, we investigate how robot-facilitated communication tools might instead create new opportunities for family connection. We conducted two studies with families with children aged 5-12. We first explored the design space through in-home technology probe sessions with six families. These probes inspired us to explore two key interaction design dimensions: the robot's behavior strategy (passive, reactive, proactive) and the mode of communication (synchronous, asynchronous). We then conducted a laboratory study with 20 families to examine how the two dimensions shaped parent-child interaction and connection. Our findings characterize how parents and children appropriated robot-mediated exchanges, the tensions they experienced around initiative, timing, and privacy, and the opportunities they envisioned for supporting everyday connectedness.