Authors: Michael Shalyt, Rotem Kalisch, Carsten Schneider, Hila Barkan, Elyasheev Leibtag, John Campbell, Shachar Weinbaum, Tali Monderer, +2 more
Organizations: 1Ramanujan Machine Group, Technion, Haifa, Israel. · 2Research Institute for Symbolic Computation, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Austria. · Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. · Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada.
To help evaluate the mathematical skills of current AI systems, we present a set of formulas for fundamental mathematical constants. These problems are attractive for AI evaluation because they are concrete and can be checked numerically to arbitrary precision, yet proving them may require non-obvious mathematics. Mathematical constants such as π, e, Catalan's constant, and special values of the Riemann zeta function have fascinated mathematicians for centuries. The search for formulas evaluating mathematical constants has produced some of the most beautiful mathematics in the field, especially in cases that yield irrationality proofs or fast convergence rates. Ramanujan's legacy is emblematic of this tradition. The list we provide contains two types of problems: formulas whose proofs are known to the authors but will remain encrypted for a short initial period; and formulas that are not yet proven. We are curious to see the achievements of AI in both cases.