cs.LGAug 12, 2026

Unifying Generative Models with Path Integrals

Authors: Ramon Winterhalder

Organizations: TIFLab, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano · and INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milano, Italy

Abstract

We formulate generative modeling as a path integral in which flow-based, diffusion-based, variational, and adversarial models arise as different evaluation principles for a single master action. Its Martin-Siggia-Rose-Janssen-de~Dominicis (MSRJD) form separates free from interacting probability flows and opens them to diagrammatic perturbation theory. The expansion yields a one-loop correction to deterministic samplers at no stochastic-sampling cost, which we validate on solvable and nonlinear drifts, where it reduces a 53 % tree-level error to 1.6 %. Imperfect learned scores enter as insertions and yield a response-weighted score-matching objective, and symmetry-equivariant drift design becomes an operator expansion with EFT power counting.

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