cs.LGSep 14, 2026

SL(n)\mathbb{SL}(n) Representation Learning: An Intrinsic Mixed-Curvature Space with Higher Curvature Capacities and Deeper Order-Aware Composition

Authors: Xingrun LiYusuke MukutaXin YangYinyu YeTatsuya Harada

Organizations: The University of Tokyo · Stanford University

Abstract

Mixed-curvature representation learning seeks to capture rich geometric structures that cannot be adequately modeled by a single curvature regime. Existing approaches largely rely on product manifolds, which require manually specifying how different curvature spaces are combined and separate their curvature contributions across factors. We introduce the SL(n)\mathbb{SL}(n) space, a representation geometry defined by the simple det(A)=1\det(A)=1 constraint and a left invariant Schatten-pp Finsler structure. Despite this minimal construction, SL(n)\mathbb{SL}(n) exhibits pointwise negative, zero, and positive flag curvature around a common flagpole, while its mixed-curvature and curvature-coupling capacities are asymptotically maximal relative to the intrinsic geometric upper bound. Beyond geometry, its noncommutative group structure provides inherent order sensitivity, and its non-nilpotent Lie algebra admits nonzero nested Lie brackets at arbitrary depth, enabling deep order-aware composition. Empirically, SL(n)\mathbb{SL}(n) consistently outperforms a broad range of representation manifold baselines across graph benchmarks at different scales. It reduces average distortion over the strongest baselines by 44.3%44.3\% on KEGG and 40.5%40.5\% on HumanCyc, and improves Hits@20 by 42.8%42.8\% on OGBL-PPA. Experiments on Flickr30k-Order further support its ability to capture higher order dependencies from ordered composition. Together, these results show how a seemingly simple structural constraint can yield unexpectedly rich geometry, capacity, and composition within a unified representation space.

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