LipSSM: Structurally Lipschitz-Bounded Cascaded State-Space Model via Metric Transfer between Consecutive SSM Layers
Organizations: Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
Lipschitz continuity is a fundamental principle in the design of certifiably robust deep neural networks (DNNs), wherein adjusting the Lipschitz constant, which quantifies network robustness, is of central theoretical importance. A standard approach to enforcing Lipschitz continuity requires each layer of a DNN to be Lipschitz continuous, thereby guaranteeing overall Lipschitz continuity. However, this layer-wise approach typically imposes overly conservative restrictions by producing a loose estimate of the overall Lipschitz constant, which limits the expressive capacity of the DNN and degrades empirical performance at a prescribed level of robustness. To overcome this loose estimation, the recently proposed LipKernel transfers information across layers to yield a much tighter overall Lipschitz bound than conventional layer-wise construction. In this paper, we extend this concept to cascaded state-space models (SSMs) to construct Lipschitz-continuous DNNs capable of modeling longer-term dependencies. The proposed architecture, named LipSSM, is theoretically justified and empirically evaluated.
Figures & tables
| State dimension ( ) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | ||
| 1 | Max | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.99999 |
| Mean | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.99999 | |
| Min | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 1.00000 | 0.99999 | |
| 2 | Max | 0.99999 | 0.99999 | 0.99996 | 0.99990 |
| Mean | 0.99999 | 0.99998 | 0.99995 | 0.99989 | |
| Model | NMSE | Params | Infer. [ms] | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | LipKernel ( ) | 22 | 0.420 | 0.9 | |
| 0.1 | LipKernel ( ) | 94 | 0.432 | 0.7 | |
| 0.1 | LipKernel ( ) | 230 | 0.428 | 1.0 | |
| 0.1 | LipSSM ( ) | 50 | 5.844 | 1.1 | |
| 0.5 | LipKernel ( ) | 22 | 0.446 | 1.2 | |
| 0.5 | LipKernel ( ) | 94 | 0.462 | 1.1 |
Lipschitz Neural Networks
Lipschitz neural networks control how much outputs can change when inputs are perturbed, supporting robustness, stability, and convergence guarantees.
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