Fractional Derivative
Fractional derivatives extend the concept of derivatives to non-integer orders, enabling the modeling of systems with memory effects and long-range dependencies not captured by traditional integer-order models. Current research focuses on applying fractional derivatives within various machine learning frameworks, including physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), Kolmogorov-Arnold networks (KANs), and graph neural networks, often employing techniques like fractional gradient descent and operational matrices for efficient computation. These advancements are significantly impacting diverse fields, improving the accuracy and efficiency of solving fractional differential equations in areas such as signal processing, control systems, and image analysis, as well as enabling more robust modeling of complex physical phenomena.