AI4EOSC: a Federated Cloud Platform for Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Research

Scientific discovery demands intelligence, perseverance, and serendipity across vast search spaces. Today, top scientific capabilities remain siloed--one AI system for biological analysis, another for clinical reasoning, mathematical derivation, or materials simulation--and no pre-designed team can anticipate every skill a question will need. Science Earth is a planet-scale scientific runtime in which any capability--a simulation cluster, a wet-lab robot, a proof engine, a single-cell pipeline--can connect to any other, with collaboration structure emerging from the question itself. Its underlying EACN protocol lets capabilities discover one another, negotiate task ownership, and adjudicate across incompatible evidentiary standards without prior knowledge of who will meet whom. This shifts the organizing challenge from workflow design to open-ended connectivity. Two runs validate this under structurally distinct conditions. In a trans-Pacific higher-order Kuramoto synchronization study, agents identified and corrected a closure-ratio assumption in Ott-Antonsen analytic theory that fails outside the Lorentzian limit, within thirty minutes. In an eight-agent single-cell run on the 4.88M-cell Kang 2024 pan-cancer atlas, heterogeneous capabilities coupled over a 64.9-hour window with one structural external instruction, producing three new result layers and anchoring findings against an independent wet-lab study on an adjacent CCR8- TIGIT+ Treg subset. These cases are a first empirical reading, not a benchmark sweep. They show that when AI capabilities are truly connectable and coordination emerges from the problem, scientific reasoning becomes a distributed, self-correcting process--a step towards scaling AI-native discovery to the planet.

Leadership computing facilities steward large-scale scientific datasets that routinely require substantial transformation before serving as AI training data. However, no existing framework fully unifies automated transformation, readiness assessment, provenance tracking, and agent-native deployment. We present REDI, an open-source framework that addresses this gap through a unified five-stage pipeline (ingest, preprocess, transform, structure, and output) with per-stage instrumentation for reproducibility and deployment as an agent-callable skill; companion tool SetGo automates FAIR compliance and catalog publication. Evaluated across climate, proteomics, materials science, and nuclear fusion, REDI transforms all datasets from raw to AI-ready, with outputs validated against domain-expert references, and preliminary results show near-ideal parallel scaling to 100 nodes on Frontier for the climate case. Provenance-instrumented profiling reveals file I/O as the dominant pipeline cost, with format selection a first-order optimization lever. These results establish REDI as a cross-domain platform providing automated data readiness for scientific AI, transforming data preparation bottlenecks into reproducible, reusable community assets.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, encompassing both traditional machine learning (ML) and more advanced approaches such as deep learning and large language models (LLMs), play a central role in modern applications. AI model lifecycle management involves the end-to-end process of managing these models, from data collection and preparation to model building, evaluation, deployment, and continuous monitoring. This process is inherently complex, as it requires the coordination of diverse services that manage AI artifacts such as datasets, dataflows, and models, all orchestrated to operate seamlessly. In this context, it is essential to isolate applications from the complexity of interacting with heterogeneous services, datasets, and AI platforms. In this paper, we introduce Gypscie, a cross-platform AI artifact management system. By providing a unified view of all AI artifacts, the Gypscie platform simplifies the development and deployment of AI applications. This unified view is realized through a knowledge graph that captures application semantics and a rule-based query language that supports reasoning over data and models. Model lifecycle activities are represented as high-level dataflows that can be scheduled across multiple platforms, such as servers, cloud platforms, or supercomputers. Finally, Gypscie records provenance information about the artifacts it produces, thereby enabling explainability. Our qualitative comparison with representative AI systems shows that Gypscie supports a broader range of functionalities across the AI artifact lifecycle. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that Gypscie can successfully optimize and schedule dataflows on AI platforms from an abstract specification.