Ego to World: Collaborative Spatial Reasoning in Embodied Systems via Reinforcement Learning
Organizations: University of Science and Technology of China · Shanghai AI Laboratory · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications ·
Abstract
Understanding the world from distributed, partial viewpoints is a fundamental challenge for embodied multi-agent systems. Each agent perceives the environment through an ego-centric view that is often limited by occlusion and ambiguity. To study this problem, we introduce the Ego-to-World (E2W) benchmark, which evaluates a vision-language model's ability to fuse heterogeneous viewpoints across three tasks: (i) global counting, (ii) relational location reasoning, and (iii) action-oriented grasping that requires predicting view-specific image coordinates. To address this setting, we propose CoRL, a two-stage framework that combines Chain-of-Thought supervised fine-tuning with reinforcement learning using Group-Relative Policy Optimization. Its core component, the Cross-View Spatial Reward (CVSR), provides dense task-aligned feedback by linking reasoning steps to visual evidence, ensuring coherent cross-view entity resolution, and guiding the model toward correct final predictions. Experiments on E2W show that CoRL consistently surpasses strong proprietary and open-source baselines on both reasoning and perception-grounding metrics, while ablations further confirm the necessity of each CVSR component. Beyond that, CoRL generalizes to external spatial reasoning benchmarks and enables effective real-world multi-robot manipulation with calibrated multi-camera rigs, demonstrating cross-view localization and successful grasp-and-place execution. Together, E2W and CoRL provide a principled foundation for learning world-centric scene understanding from distributed, ego-centric observations, advancing collaborative embodied AI.
Figures & tables
| Model | Reasoning (Acc) | Perception (Score) | |||||
| E2W-1 | E2W-2(S) | E2W-2(R) | Avg. | E2W-3(S) | E2W-3(R) | Avg. | |
| Closed Source Models | |||||||
| GPT-5 | |||||||
| Doubao-Seed-1.6 | |||||||
| Gemini-2.5-Pro | |||||||
| Open Source Models | |||||||
| Model | Score |
| SpaceLLaVA Foutter et al. (2024) | 11.8 |
| RoboPoint Yuan et al. (2024) | 46.8 |
| Molmo-7B Deitke et al. (2025) | 45.0 |
| CoRL-7B | 50.9 |
Appendix figures & tables4 assets
Supplementary material from the paper’s appendix.
Appendix
| Task | Simulated Data | Real-World Data | Total Data |
| Task 1 (Counting) | 30k | 0 | 30k |
| Task 2 (Location Reasoning) | 35k | 25k | 60k |
| Task 3 (Grasping) | 35k | 35k | 70k |
Spatial Reasoning
Spatial reasoning studies how systems represent geometry, relations, viewpoints, and motion to understand scenes, plan actions, and solve spatial tasks.
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