BINO: Encoder Centric Self Supervised Stereo With Native Pair Input

Stereo reconstruction is one of the last remaining Computer Vision tasks where all state-of-the-art methods employ a heavy architectural inductive bias. Even though it has been demonstrated that the task can be solved using general-purpose methods, it is widely believed that inductive biases in stereo are strictly necessary for both high-quality results and computational efficiency. We challenge this paradigm. In this paper, we demonstrate that both state-of-the-art accuracy and superior runtime efficiency are achievable with a model completely devoid of architectural inductive biases, relying instead on a simple, end-to-end Vision Transformer. By training on massive synthetic datasets, we show that pure data-driven learning can surpass explicitly engineered geometry. This work proves that explicit inductive biases are no longer a prerequisite for stereo matching, ultimately unlocking true scaling laws for continuous improvement in 3D reconstruction.

Learning disparity in occluded regions remains difficult for unsupervised stereo matching. Photometric supervision lacks valid target-view correspondences in these regions, while the teacher and student in conventional binocular self-training share the same target view and therefore the same occlusions. Even when supervision is available, the small proportion of occluded pixels limits their contribution to training. We propose MAGIC, a multi-baseline geometric consistency framework for reliable and effective occlusion supervision. The teacher and student share a reference image but use different target views, allowing the teacher to observe correspondences that are occluded from the student. After aligning disparities across baselines, MAGIC uses predictions from teacher-visible regions to supervise student-occluded regions. An occlusion-aware weighting strategy strengthens supervision on teacher-visible but student-occluded pixels, preventing their training signal from being overwhelmed by non-occluded regions. We also introduce MBS20K, a synthetic multi-baseline stereo dataset spanning diverse scenes, weather, and lighting. Pre-trained on MBS20K, MAGIC generalizes to real-world datasets with consistently fewer occluded-region outliers. On KITTI, the pre-trained model already outperforms several fine-tuned unsupervised methods. Fine-tuning this model on standard binocular pairs achieves state-of-the-art unsupervised performance on KITTI 2015 and 2012. Incorporating synthesized multi-baseline views during fine-tuning further improves performance. Our code and dataset will be released upon acceptance.

Recent advances in stereo matching have achieved remarkable accuracy, but often rely on large models, heavy computation, or additional foundation-model priors, making them difficult to deploy on resource-constrained platforms. In contrast, efficient stereo models offer faster inference but are commonly considered less capable of strong zero-shot generalization. In this paper, we challenge this assumption by introducing Lite Any Stereo V2 (LAS2), an ultra-fast model series designed for efficient zero-shot stereo matching. LAS2 is developed from both architecture and training perspectives. Architecturally, we revisit efficient stereo design under practical deployment settings and propose a 2D-only cost aggregation framework, optimized for real inference latency rather than theoretical MACs alone. For training, we develop a three-stage strategy that combines synthetic supervision, self-distillation, and real-world knowledge distillation. To improve the reliability of real-world pseudo supervision, we further introduce pseudo-label filtering and an error-clamping operation, enabling smoother synthetic-to-real transfer. We instantiate LAS2 as a family of models, including feed-forward variants for different efficiency budgets and an iterative variant for higher accuracy. Extensive experiments show that LAS2 achieves state-of-the-art accuracy among efficient stereo methods while maintaining significantly lower latency. Specifically, LAS2-H achieves stronger overall zero-shot performance than the iterative method Fast-FoundationStereo, with 1.8x and 2.7x faster inference on H200 and Orin, respectively. The project page, demos, and code are available at https://tomtomtommi.github.io/LiteAnyStereoV2/.