Response time of lateral predictive coding and benefits of modular structures
Organizations: Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ZhongGuanCun East Road 55, Beijing 100190, China · Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China · Center for Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310030, China · School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China · Institute for Advanced Physical Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Abstract
Lateral predictive coding (LPC) is a simple theoretical framework to appreciate feature detection in biological neural circuits. Recent theoretical work [Huang et al., Phys.Rev.E 112, 034304 (2025)] has successfully constructed optimal LPC networks capable of extracting non-Gaussian hidden input features by imposing the tradeoff between energetic cost and information robustness, but the resulting dynamical systems of recurrent interactions can be very slow in responding to external inputs. We investigate response-time reduction in the present paper. We find that the characteristic response time of the LPC system can be minimized to closely approaching the lower-bound value without compromising the mean predictive error (energetic cost) and the information robustness of signal transmission. We further demonstrate that optimal LPC networks taking a modular structural organization with extensively reduced number of lateral interactions are equally excellent as all-to-all completely connected networks, in terms of feature detection performance, response time, energetic cost and information robustness.