Coordinating Humanoid Loco-Manipulation through Action-Conditioned Latent Foresight
Organizations: TAMS (Technical Aspects of Multimodal Systems), Department of Informatics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. · Kinetix AI, China. · The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. · University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. ·
Abstract
Humanoid loco-manipulation requires coordinated body motion and hand interaction over time, and a plausible-looking command sequence can still drop a held object or leave an interaction incomplete. We present action-conditioned latent foresight, a latent world-action model (WAM) that evaluates proposed command sequences before execution. An action generator proposes joint motion-hand command sequences from vision, language, and the robot state. An action-conditioned endpoint predictor estimates the visual features each sequence prefix reaches and measures progress toward a demonstration-derived subgoal, while a joint temporal prior scores temporal consistency given the robot state and preceding commands. The robot executes the first commands of the best-scoring sequence and replans from the next observation. During training, action consistency regularization reconstructs the first demonstrated command from observed and predicted feature changes, encouraging the predictor to retain action-relevant information. On ten tasks in the humanoid loco-manipulation simulation benchmark SIMPLE, our method achieves 89.7% average success, compared with 73.7% for Psi-Zero and 82.0% for DiT4DiT. On seven real-robot tasks, it achieves 85.7% under standard conditions and 65.7% under unseen object configurations, while GR00T N1.7 achieves 70.0% and 48.6%, respectively. Project page: https://ju6276.github.io/Action-Grounded-Foresight/
Figures & tables
| Setting | Value |
|---|---|
| Real robot | Unitree G1 |
| Egocentric camera | ZED2 |
| Training hardware | NVIDIA A100 |
| Evaluation (sim./real) | NVIDIA RTX 4090D (48 GB) |
| Onboard deployment test | Jetson Orin NX (16 GB) |
| Proposal length | Sim.: ; real: |
| Main SIMPLE Tasks (L0/L1/L2) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | XMovePick | BendPick | Handover | Mobile P&P | Grasp | XMoveBendPick | Avg. (%) |
| [ 4 ] | 10 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 85.6 |
| GR00T N1.6 [ 17 ] | 10 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 48.9 |
| [ 3 ] | 7 | 5 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51.1 |
| InternVLA-M1 [ 40 ] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 13.9 |
| H-RDT [ 41 ] | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.2 |
| Additional SIMPLE Tasks (L0/L1/L2) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | OpenOven | PickAndPlace AndHugContainer | OpenFaucet | OpenTrashCan | Avg. (%) (4 tasks) | Overall (%) (10 tasks) |
| [ 4 ] | 7 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 55.8 | 73.7 |
| DiT4DiT [ 11 ] | 10 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 73.3 | 82.0 |
| Fast-WAM [ 12 ] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8.3 | 27.3 |
| VLA-JEPA [ 23 ] | 8 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 58.3 | 49.0 |
| Ours | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 80.8 | 89.7 |
| Method | Dispose of Trash | Collect Toy with Cart | Water Plant | Pack and Stow Power Strip | Load Washer | Retrieve Shirt from Drawer | Place Basket on Table | Avg. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Standard conditions | ||||||||
| GR00T N1.7 | 9/10 | 6/10 | 8/10 | 8/10 | 2/10 | 8/10 | 8/10 | 70.0 |
| 2/10 | 6/10 | 6/10 | 4/10 | 2/10 | 2/10 | 1/10 | 32.9 | |
| DiT4DiT | 4/10 | 8/10 | 8/10 | 6/10 | 8/10 | 4/10 | 6/10 | 62.9 |
| Ours | 6/10 | 6/10 | 10/10 | 8/10 | 10/10 | 10/10 | 10/10 | 85.7 |
| (b) Unseen object configurations | ||||||||
| Configuration | Main (6 tasks) | Additional (4 tasks) | Overall (10 tasks) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feature-shift variant | 91.7 | 73.3 | 84.3 |
| Endpoint (Ours) | 95.6 | 80.8 | 89.7 |
| Configuration | Open Oven | PickAnd PlaceAnd Hug Container | Open Faucet | Open TrashCan | Avg. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| w/o ACR | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 55.0 |
| w/ ACR | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 65.8 |
| Configuration | Open Oven | PickAnd PlaceAnd Hug Container | Open Faucet | Open TrashCan | Avg. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual only | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 65.8 |
| 1st-order smoothness | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 67.5 |
| 2nd-order smoothness | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 70.0 |
| Factorized prior | 8 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 71.7 |
| Joint prior (Ours) | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 80.8 |
| Method | GPU memory (GB) | Trainable params. (B) | Inference (Hz) |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR00T N1.6 [ 17 ] | 6.8 | 1.62 | 15.46 |
| DiT4DiT [ 11 ] | 21 | 2.35 | 3.8 |
| Fast-WAM [ 12 ] | 28 | 6.7 | 5.2 |
| Ours | 7.2 | 3.0 | 9.1 |
Appendix figures & tables1 asset
Supplementary material from the paper’s appendix.
Appendix
| Task | Configurations |
|---|---|
| Dispose of Trash | Tissue packet; tea bottle. |
| Collect Toy with Cart | Two arrangements of the blue target toy and two neighboring distractors. |
| Water Plant | Watering can shifted left; shifted right; spout reversed. |
| Pack and Stow Power Strip | Power strip rotated; repositioned on the tabletop. |
| Load Washer | Purple or pink T-shirt, placed on either the right or left side of the washer top. |
| Retrieve Shirt from Drawer | Target T-shirt repositioned; gray T-shirt nearby; pink T-shirt nearby. |