Distribution Shift Robustness

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26 papers in the last four weeks, up 225% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

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RED-Sphere: Hyperspherical Residual Edge Debiasing for Cross-Population Fundus Disease Domain Generalization
Jul 12, 2026Yan Lin, Ziheng Wang, Shuang Chen +2Distribution Shift Robustness Medical Image Classification
Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK · King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal, Saudi Arabia · Durham University Durham, UK
Benchmarking UAV-based Vehicle Re-Identification under Simulated Weather Conditions
Jul 12, 2026Vu Minh Tran, Khang NguyenDistribution Shift Robustness UAV Remote Sensing
University of Information Technology Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Benchmarking the Robustness of Foundation Models for Mammography under Domain Shift
Jul 11, 2026Giang Nguyen, Raghav Mehta, Emma A. M. Stanley +4Distribution Shift Robustness Medical Imaging Foundation Models
College of Engineering and Computer Science, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam · Imperial College London, London, UK · Radiology Department, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam +2
Continual Test-Time Adaptation in Computer Vision: Methods, Benchmarks, and Future Directions
Jul 9, 2026Sarthak Kumar Maharana, Shambhavi Mishra, Yunbei Zhang +6Source-Free Domain Adaptation Distribution Shift Robustness
The University of Texas at Dallas, USA · LIVIA ETS Montreal, ILLS International Laboratory on Learning Systems (ILLS), McGill - ÉTS - MILA - CNRS - Université Paris-Saclay - CentraleSupélec · Tulane University, USA +2
PeTeR: Post-Training Robustification of Probabilistic Circuits
Jul 8, 2026Adrian Ciotinga, Yeming Dai, YooJung ChoiDistribution Shift Robustness Probabilistic Circuits
School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University
Drift Happens: An Empirical Study of Neural Architecture Robustness to Temporal Distribution Shift
Jul 7, 2026Robin Holzinger, Riccardo CollettiDistribution Shift Robustness Neural Network Generalization
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Domain-Adaptive Climate Downscaling Under Temporal Distribution Shift
Jul 6, 2026Shuochen Wang, Nishant Yadav, Auroop R. GangulyDistribution Shift Robustness Domain Adaptation
Sustainability and Data Sciences Laboratory, Northeastern University · Microsoft · AI for Climate and Sustainability, The Institute for Experiential AI, Northeastern University
The Good, the Bad, and the Brittle: Benchmarking Robustness and Generalisation of Histopathology Foundation Models
Jul 5, 2026Dhyey Yajnik, Amina Asif, Fayyaz MinhasDistribution Shift Robustness Neural Network Robustness
Predictive Systems in Biomedicine Lab, Tissue Image Analytics Centre, Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
Robust Bayes-Assisted Conformal Prediction
Jul 5, 2026Kianoosh Ashouritaklimi, Stefano Cortinovis, François CaronDistribution Shift Robustness Conformal Prediction
Department of Statistics, University of Oxford
Burst Spiking Neural Networks
Jul 5, 2026Jiahong Zhang, Sijun Shen, Man Yao +5Distribution Shift Robustness Neural Network Robustness
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100045, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China · State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China +3
Rethinking AI-Generated Text Detection: A Strong Baseline and the Distribution-Shift Problem That Remains
Jul 4, 2026Zhuoer Shen, Mingyi Wang, Shaofeng Zou +1Distribution Shift Robustness AI-Generated Text Detection
Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Barbara · School of ECEE, Arizona State University
OpFlow: Learning Opportunity-Conditioned Choice Potentials for Robust OD Flow Prediction
Jul 3, 2026Changjian Liu, Yong Gao, Yuqing Wang +5Distribution Shift Robustness Discrete Choice Modeling
School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University China, CN 100871 · College of Artificial Intelligence Zhejiang University China, CN 310027
When Token Compression Breaks: Structural Pruning vs. Token Reduction for Robust ViT Segmentation under High Compression
Jul 2, 2026Tien-Phat Nguyen, Ngai-Man CheungDistribution Shift Robustness Vision Transformer
Temasek Laboratories, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore
Multi-Hypothesis Test-Time Adaptation to Mitigate Underspecification
Jun 30, 2026Afshar Shamsi, Xiao-Yu Guo, Hamid Alinejad-Rokny +3Distribution Shift Robustness Test-Time Adaptation
Concordia University, Canada · Australian Institute for Machine Learning, Australia · University of New South Wales, Australia +2
RAISE: LLM-based Automated Heuristic Design with Robust Adversary Instance Search
Jun 30, 2026Fei Liu, Alessio Figalli, Patrick Owen +1Distribution Shift Robustness Automated Algorithm Discovery
University of Zurich · 2ETH Zurich
Uncertainty-Aware Last-Layer Adaptation of RETFound for Referable Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Under Dataset Shift
Jun 30, 2026Karim MardhaniBayesian Neural Networks Distribution Shift Robustness
University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, CO, USA
Early Cue Precision Shapes Visual Shortcut Learning in Controlled Cue-Manipulation Benchmarks
Jun 29, 2026Chanho Park, Woochan Lee, Janyeong Oh +4Distribution Shift Robustness Shortcut Learning
Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
A Distributionally Robust Framework for Learned Reconstructions in Inverse Problems
Jun 29, 2026Floor van Maarschalkerwaart, Subhadip Mukherjee, Christoph Brune +1Distribution Shift Robustness Distributionally Robust Optimization
University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands · IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
MixTTA: Low-Rank Cross-Channel Mixing for Reliable Test-Time Adaptation
Jun 26, 2026Mansoo Jung, Youngwook Kim, Jungwoo LeeDistribution Shift Robustness Test-Time Adaptation
Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · HodooAI Labs, Seoul, Republic of Korea
TextDS: Parameter-Efficient Representation Alignment for Scene Text Detection under Distribution Shifts
Jun 26, 2026Boyuan Chen, Zichen Dang, Chuang Yang +2Distribution Shift Robustness Domain Generalization
School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University · Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Learning Adversarial Augmentation Policies for Robust Garlic Seedling Detection
Jun 25, 2026Soeun Lee, Chanho Kim, Yeji Kang +2Agricultural Image Analysis Distribution Shift Robustness
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, South Korea · Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 310 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk-do, 54875, South Korea
A probabilistic framework for online test-time adaptation
Jun 24, 2026Daniel Corrales, David Ríos InsuaDistribution Shift Robustness Test-Time Adaptation
Escuela de Doctorado, Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain · Institute of Mathematical Sciences, ICMAT-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
At the Edge of Understanding: Sparse Autoencoders Trace The Limits of Transformer Generalization
Jun 24, 2026Praneet Suresh, Jack Stanley, Sonia Joseph +2Distribution Shift Robustness Transformer Interpretability
Mila Quebec AI Institute · Meta AI · Sapient Intelligence
Assessing Distribution Shift in Human Activity Recognition for Domain Generalization
Jun 23, 2026Rebecca Adaimi, Edison ThomazDistribution Shift Robustness Human Activity Recognition
The University of Texas at Austin, USA
Are Tabular Foundation Models Robust to Realistic Query Distribution Shifts in Microbiome Data?
Jun 23, 2026Giulia Perciballi, Ahmad Fall, Federica Granese +2Distribution Shift Robustness Tabular Foundation Models
IRD, Sorbonne Université, Unité de Modélisation Mathématique et Informatique des Systèmes Complexes (UMMISCO), Paris, France · Inria, CNRS, I3S, Université Côte d’Azur, Valbonne, France · INSERM, Nutrition et Obésités; Approches Systémiques, NutriOmique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
When Multi-Sensor Fusion Fails to Generalize: Cattle Posture Classification Under Animal-Level and Temporal Distribution Shift
Jun 23, 2026Leutrim Uka, Severino Pinto, Gundula Hoffmann +1Distribution Shift Robustness Distribution Shift
Institute of Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. · Department of Sensors and Modelling, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy - ATB, Potsdam, Germany. · Department of Data Science in Bioeconomy, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy - ATB, Potsdam, Germany.
SignNet-1M: Large-Scale Multilingual Sign Language Video Dataset with Downstream Benchmarks
Jun 23, 2026Zhewen He, Junyi Hu, Haomian Huang +3Distribution Shift Robustness Synthetic Data Augmentation
New York University Abu Dhabi, UAE · ChatSign Technology · Tsinghua University, China
Zero-Shot Test-Time Canonicalization using Out-of-Distribution Scoring
Jun 23, 2026Dominik Lindner, Johann Schmidt, Tom Siegl +2Distribution Shift Robustness
Artificial Intelligence Lab, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany · University of Rostock, Germany · Becker Lab, University of Marburg, Germany
ENVS: Environment-Native Verified Search for Long-Horizon GUI Agents
Jun 22, 2026Yincheng Zhou, Athena Zhuoming Zhong, Shijie Zhang +3Distribution Shift Robustness Computer-Use Agent Benchmarks
University of Pennsylvania · 2Peking University
Target-Aware Linear Regression Under Distribution Shift
Jun 22, 2026Zhewen Hou, Tian ZhengDistribution Shift Robustness Distribution Matching
Department of Statistics Columbia University New York, NY

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RED-Sphere: Hyperspherical Residual Edge Debiasing for Cross-Population Fundus Disease Domain Generalization

Yan Lin, Ziheng Wang, Shuang Chen, Amir Atapour-Abarghouei+1

Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK · King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal, Saudi Arabia · Durham University Durham, UK

Distribution Shift Robustness Medical Image Classification Fundus Imaging Shortcut Learning Cross-Dataset Generalization

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Medical image classifiers are often trained within one source population, yet clinical deployment requires robustness to patients whose appearance, acquisition style, and disease prevalence differ from the source cohort. Existing fairness and robustness methods often require group supervision or treat appearance variation as an undifferentiated nuisance, which is insufficient when population-correlated low-level cues and lesion evidence share edge and texture structure. We study a strict source-only cross-population setting, where external populations are unseen during optimization, validation, scheduling, hyperparameter and model selection. We propose RED-Sphere, a plug-and-play robustness framework for image classification under unseen population shifts. It estimates shortcut-sensitive nuisance responses with an edge and feature energy prior, attenuates dominant responses through residual soft gating, regularizes masked nuisance views with counterfactual-inspired consistency and separation losses, and predicts labels with normalized spherical prototypes. It favours angular semantic evidence over source-correlated activation magnitude while preserving lesion structure. Although demonstrated on 2D Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy (SLO) fundus classification for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), RED-Sphere is not tied to retinal anatomy: the same principle can be adapted with modality-specific nuisance priors wherever appearance shortcuts and semantic evidence are entangled. Under a strict White-only Harvard-FairVision protocol, RED-Sphere improves held-out macro-F1 across all 20 task and backbone comparisons, with average gains of 1.28 and 2.98 F1 points on AMD and DR. Gains in AUC and PR-AUC, visual diagnostics, ablations, and sensitivity analyses further support stronger external semantic alignment and more stable angular disease geometry.

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