LLM Grounding

LLM: Large Language Model

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25 papers in the last four weeks, up 127% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

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Do Small Models Use the Law You Give Them? Context-Injected Fine-Tuning for Legal QA in Bangladesh
Jul 26, 2026Moniruzzaman Mahadi, Abrar Mohammed Tanzim Alam, Sayma Siddika Monalisa +3Multilingual Language Model Evaluation LLM Grounding
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University Dhaka, Bangladesh · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BRAC University Dhaka, Bangladesh
Statistically Supported LLM Ingredient and Recipe Data Collection in Computational Nutrition
Jul 25, 2026James Izzard, Hassan Eshkiki, Fabio CaraffiniLLM Grounding Training Data Curation
Swansea University, Department of Computer Science, Bay Campus, Swansea, SA1 8EN, Wales, UK
Search-G1: Grounded Search Agents via Representation-Based Intrinsic Rewards
Jul 24, 2026Cheng Ruoxi, Ma Haoxuan, Zhang Hongyi +7Retrieval-Augmented Generation LLM Grounding
1Fudan University · 2Tencent · 3Nanjing University +2
On Improving Faithfulness of Podcasts from Documents
Jul 24, 2026Soumya Dutta, Tejas Indulal Dhamecha, Pannaga ShivaswamyContextual Faithfulness LLM Evaluation
1Indian Institute of Science · 2Adobe Research
REFACT: Adaptive Fact Restatement for Compact and Faithful Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Jul 23, 2026Zhensheng Jin, Xin Dai, Zhenghao Liu +5LLM Grounding Long-Context QA
Northeastern University · Shenyang, China · Tsinghua University +1
Copy Less, Ground More: Overcoming Repetitive Copying in Long-Context Reasoning via Evidence-Aware Reinforcement Learning
Jul 21, 2026Lizhe Fang, Weizhou Shen, Tianyi Tang +1LLM Grounding Reward Shaping
Peking University · Qwen Team of Alibaba Group · Alibaba Group ATH
From Dependency to Compositionality: A Neurosymbolic Lifting of LLM Outputs via Combinatory Categorial Grammar
Jul 21, 2026Remo PareschiLLM Grounding Language Modeling
STAKE Lab, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
PertReason: A Knowledge-Grounded Benchmark and Framework for Cell-State-Conditioned Mechanistic Reasoning of Perturbation Effects
Jul 21, 2026Dongkwan Kim, Yiming Gao, Yining Yang +1LLM Grounding Single-Cell Perturbation Modeling
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University
DeLIVeR: Decomposed Learning for Information-grounded Veracity Recognition via Reinforced Knowledge Graph Exploration
Jul 20, 2026Cong Hoan Nguyen, Thomas Hoang, Hieu Minh Duong +1LLM Grounding RL for Language Model Reasoning
University of Louisville, Louisville KY 40292, USA. · Denison University, Granville, Ohio 43023, USA.
WuYu-EnvLE-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Environmental Law Enforcement
Jul 20, 2026Ziliang Yang, Yi Zhang, Kaijun Lin +3LLM Evaluation LLM Grounding
School of Environment, Tsinghua University · College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology · State Key Laboratory of Iron and Steel Industry Environmental Protection, School of Environment, Tsinghua University +1
Empirical Grounding Improves the Realism of LLM Agents Simulating Human Behavior During Disruptions
Jul 19, 2026Chen Xia, Zexi Kuang, Yuqing HuLLM Grounding Human Behavior Simulation
Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Environmental Management and Safety, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, United States of America · Khoury College of Computer Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America · Digital and Interdependent Built Environment Laboratory, Department of Architectural Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
Grounded verification of chemical and materials reasoning: detection is the bottleneck
Jul 19, 2026Can Polat, Mustafa Kurban, Erchin Serpedin +1LLM Self-Correction LLM Grounding
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar · Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey +1
An Explicit World Model Based on Data-First Ontology: DaoQL Multimodal Storage Validation and Counterfactual Reasoning Evaluation
Jul 19, 2026Zhanbo Li, Shifeng Wu, Xiangjin Meng +1LLM Grounding Counterfactual Reasoning in Language Models
Graduate Students, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing University · DaoQL Project Group · Guangzhou Polytechnic Normal University
Constraint-Anchored Reasoning Traces
Jul 18, 2026Zehua Cheng, Wei Dai, Jiahao SunVisual Question Answering LLM Grounding
Department of Computer Science University of Oxford United Kingdom · FLock.io United Kingdom
DataFlow-Harness: A Grounded Code-Agent Platform for Constructing Editable LLM Data Pipelines
Jul 18, 2026Runming He, Zhen Hao Wong, Hao Liang +4LLM Grounding Code Generation
Peking University · Institute for Advanced Algorithms Research, Shanghai · Zhongguancun Academy
MARS: Multi-hop Adaptive Retrieval and SPARQL Generation for KGQA
Jul 16, 2026Nikit Srivastava, Daniel Vollmers, René Speck +3Multi-Hop QA LLM Grounding
Data Science Group, Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University, Germany
SAGA: Schema-Aware Grounding for Agentic Text-to-SPARQL Generation
Jul 16, 2026Yiming Zhang, Koji TsudaLLM Grounding Knowledge Graph Question Answering
1The University of Tokyo, Japan · Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan · 3RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Japan
Pezego-HITL: A policy-grounded large language model architecture for agricultural extension in Ghana
Jul 15, 2026Shunbao Li, Zhipeng Yuan, Amoako Ofori +5Retrieval-Augmented Generation LLM Evaluation
School of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Regent Court (CS), 211 Portobello, Sheffield, S1 4DP, United Kingdom · Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 209, Legon, Accra, Ghana · Mutus Tech Ltd, 54 St. James Street, Liverpool, L1 0AB, England
Knowledgeless Language Models: Suppressing Parametric Recall for Evidence-Grounded Language Modeling
Jul 14, 2026Roi Cohen, Yvan Carré, Nick Lechtenbörger +5Language Model Pretraining LLM Grounding
HPI / University of Potsdam · African Institute for Mathematical Sciences · Polytechnique Montréal +2
CRiT-QA: Evaluating Multi-hop Reasoning with Counterfactual Chains and Distractor Traps
Jul 12, 2026JungMin Yun, JuneHyoung Kwon, YoungBin KimMulti-Hop QA LLM Evaluation
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University · Graduate School of Advanced Imaging Sciences, Multimedia and Film, Chung-Ang University
Ontology-Amplified Distillation and Contextuality Auditing for Sovereign Enterprise Language Models: A Combined Proof-of-Mechanism and Negative-Results Method Study
Jul 11, 2026Thanh Luong TuanLLM Grounding Language Model Distillation
Foundation AgenticOS (FAOS)
Interventional Grounding Audits: Black-Box Premise-Dependency Tests for LLM Chain-of-Thought via Predicate Substitution
Jul 11, 2026Hironao NakamuraCoT Faithfulness LLM Grounding
Independent Researcher
Grounded Event Extraction from SEC 8-K Filings with a Fine-Grained Taxonomy
Jul 9, 2026Rian Dolphin, Joe Dursun, Jarrett Blankenship +2LLM Grounding Document Information Extraction
Massive.com Dublin, Ireland · Massive.com Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Write-Protected Discrete Bottlenecks for Language-Grounded World Models: A Structural Limitation and Sufficient Fix
Jul 9, 2026Jiayi FangLLM Grounding Representation Learning
Shanghai University of Finance and Economics
Nigeria Machinery: A Low-Resource Industrial Dataset with a Domain-Grounded Reasoning Layer
Jul 8, 2026Gospel Bassey, Vincent FakiyesiNumerical Reasoning in Language Models LLM Grounding
Independent Researcher · Engineering Education Transformations Institute, College of Engineering, University of Georgia.
SkillCenter: A Large-Scale Source-Grounded Skill Library for Autonomous AI Agents
Jul 8, 2026Tianming Sha, Yue Zhao, Lichao Sun +1LLM Grounding LLM Agent Skill Learning
1Stony Brook University · University of Southern California · 3Lehigh University +1
Specification Grounding Drives Test Effectiveness for LLM Code
Jul 7, 2026Amin Haeri, Mahdi GhelichiLLM Grounding Automated Software Testing
Model Development Innovation TD Bank, Toronto, Canada
You Frame It: How Conceptual Representations Shape LLM Detection and Reasoning about Antisemitism
Jul 6, 2026Katharina Soemer, Helena MihaljevićLLM Grounding Hate Speech Detection
Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany · HTW Berlin, Germany
Detecting Hallucinations in Retrieval-Augmented Generation through Grounding-Aware Sensitivity by Perturbation (GASP)
Jul 5, 2026Mohamed Aly BoukeRetrieval-Augmented Generation LLM Grounding
Centre for Intelligent Cloud Computing, CoE for Advanced Cloud, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh Lama, Bukit Beruang, 75450, Melaka, Malaysia
Distill Where the Student Goes: Teacher-Regularized RL for English-Evidence Cross-Lingual RAG
Jul 3, 2026Haotian Zhou, Weiran Huang, Siqi Liu +3RL for Language Models Retrieval-Augmented Generation
School of Computer Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Ant International, Ant Group · Shanghai Innovation Institute +1

Jul 26, 2026, cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Do Small Models Use the Law You Give Them? Context-Injected Fine-Tuning for Legal QA in Bangladesh

Moniruzzaman Mahadi, Abrar Mohammed Tanzim Alam, Sayma Siddika Monalisa, Mir Mohammad Asif Abdullah+2

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University Dhaka, Bangladesh · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BRAC University Dhaka, Bangladesh

Multilingual Language Model Evaluation LLM Grounding Knowledge Augmentation for Language Models LLM Fine-Tuning Small Language Models Legal QA

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A small language model can receive the governing statutory provision and still answer incorrectly. We test whether fine-tuning on examples containing relevant law improves later use of retrieved law. We curate 2{,}165 bilingual QA records from six Bangladeshi acts and three schedules, then fine-tune Qwen3.5 at 0.8B, 2B, and 4B. Evaluation uses the 2022 and 2023 Bangladesh Bar Council exams in Bangla and machine-translated English, with no retrieval, BM25, or FAISS, scored by strict consistency over three seeded runs. At 0.8B, fine-tuning raises the 2022 English FAISS score from 2 to 34 of 100. Gains at 0.8B and 2B survive paired testing, but the 4B model has no detectable net gain: Bangla improves while several English conditions regress. Fine-tuning also reduces answers that drift from Bangla into mostly English from 44.0--53.2% to 0.2--0.7%, with adjusted

p<.001

at every scale. Retrieval quality is therefore not the only bottleneck. Small bilingual legal models also differ in how they use supplied law and whether they answer in the requested language. The dataset is publicly available at https://huggingface.co/datasets/momahadi/bangladesh-legal-qa-dataset.

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Latest papers 216