Overview

Visual token pruning studies how to remove or merge image and video patches before or inside vision transformers and vision-language models, reducing computation and memory for tasks such as visual question answering, video understanding, document reading, and robot control. Methods use attention or text-query relevance, feature diversity and spatial coverage, and signals such as entropy, spectral structure, or geometry; learned selectors and adaptive budgets choose different tokens or compression rates for different inputs. Pruning can happen before visual encoding, across language-model layers, or during video processing, and is evaluated on both task benchmarks and practical measures such as prefill latency, FLOPs, and memory. The central tension is that a token that seems redundant early may become important for later reasoning, while selection overhead and hardware execution can prevent fewer tokens from yielding faster end-to-end inference.

Latest papers

CardsList

276 papers43 papers in the last four weeks, up 59% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Look Before Acting: Enhancing Vision Foundation Representations for Vision-Language-Action Models

    Mar 16, 2026Yulin Luo, Hao Chen, Zhuangzhe Wu +10Spatial Grounding for VLA ModelsVision-Language-Action Models

  2. Balancing Saliency and Coverage: Semantic Prominence-Aware Budgeting for Visual Token Compression in VLMs

    Mar 16, 2026Jaehoon Lee, Mingi Jung, Soohyuk Jang +3Efficient VLM InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  3. ASAP: Attention-Shift-Aware Pruning for Efficient LVLM Inference

    Mar 15, 2026Surendra Pathak, Bo HanEfficient VLM InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  4. ForensicZip: More Tokens are Better but Not Necessary in Forensic Vision-Language Models

    Mar 12, 2026Yingxin Lai, Zitong Yu, Jun Wang +3Visual Token PruningVisual Token Compression

  5. MedPruner: Training-Free Hierarchical Token Pruning for Efficient 3D Medical Image Understanding in Vision-Language Models

    Mar 12, 2026Shengyuan Liu, Zanting Ye, Yunrui Lin +6Efficient VLM Inference3D Medical Imaging

  6. Language-Guided Token Compression with Reinforcement Learning in Large Vision-Language Models

    Mar 11, 2026Sihan Cao, Jianwei Zhang, Pengcheng Zheng +7Efficient VLM InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  7. Prune Redundancy, Preserve Essence: Vision Token Compression in VLMs via Synergistic Importance-Diversity

    Mar 10, 2026Zhengyao Fang, Pengyuan Lyu, Chengquan Zhang +3Visual Token PruningVisual Token Compression

  8. FastSTAR: Spatiotemporal Token Pruning for Efficient Autoregressive Video Synthesis

    Mar 7, 2026Sungwoong Yune, Suheon Jeong, Joo-Young KimVideo GenerationAutoregressive Video Generation

  9. The Model Knows Which Tokens Matter: Automatic Token Selection via Noise Gating

    Mar 7, 2026Landi He, Xiaoyu Yang, Lijian XuEfficient VLM InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  10. History-Conditioned Spatio-Temporal Visual Token Pruning for Efficient Vision-Language Navigation

    Mar 6, 2026Qitong Wang, Yijun Liang, Ming Li +2Efficient VLM InferenceToken Pruning

  11. Energy-Driven Adaptive Visual Token Pruning for Efficient Vision-Language Models

    Mar 6, 2026Jialuo He, Huangxun ChenEfficient VLM InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  12. Video Compression Meets Video Generation: Latent Inter-Frame Pruning with Attention Recovery

    Mar 6, 2026Dennis Menn, Yuedong Yang, Bokun Wang +6Video GenerationVideo Token Compression

  13. Keeping the Evidence Chain: Semantic Evidence Allocation for Training-Free Token Pruning in Video Temporal Grounding

    Mar 5, 2026Jiaqi Li, Shuntian Zheng, Yixian Shen +4Temporal Video GroundingVision-Language Grounding

  14. StepVAR: Structure-Texture Guided Pruning for Visual Autoregressive Models

    Mar 2, 2026Keli Liu, Zhendong Wang, Wengang Zhou +1Inference AccelerationVisual Autoregressive Models

  15. TP-Spikformer: Token Pruned Spiking Transformer

    Feb 28, 2026Wenjie Wei, Xiaolong Zhou, Malu Zhang +8Spiking TransformersToken Pruning

  16. What Do Visual Tokens Really Encode? Uncovering Sparsity and Redundancy in Multimodal Large Language Models

    Feb 28, 2026Yingqi Fan, Junlong Tong, Anhao Zhao +1Multimodal Large Language ModelsMultimodal Model Interpretability

  17. UTPTrack: Towards Simple and Unified Token Pruning for Visual Tracking

    Feb 27, 2026Hao Wu, Xudong Wang, Jialiang Zhang +5Visual Object TrackingVisual Token Pruning

  18. HiDrop: Hierarchical Vision Token Reduction in MLLMs via Late Injection, Concave Pyramid Pruning, and Early Exit

    Feb 27, 2026Hao Wu, Yingqi Fan, Jinyang Dai +3Efficient VLM InferenceLarge Vision-Language Models

  19. ST-Lite: Training-Free KV Cache Compression with Spatio-Trajectory Guidance for Long-Horizon GUI Agents

    Feb 27, 2026Bowen Zhou, Zhou Xu, Wanli Li +3KV-Cache CompressionGUI Agents

  20. Spatio-Temporal Token Pruning for Efficient High-Resolution GUI Agents

    Feb 26, 2026Zhou Xu, Bowen Zhou, Qi Wang +2GUI AgentsVisual Token Pruning

  21. XStreamVGGT: Extremely Memory-Efficient Streaming Vision Geometry Grounded Transformer with KV Cache Compression

    Feb 25, 2026Zunhai Su, Weihao Ye, Hansen Feng +5Streaming 3D ReconstructionKV-Cache Compression

  22. BFA++: Hierarchical Best-Feature-Aware Token Prune for Multi-View Vision Language Action Model

    Feb 24, 2026Haosheng Li, Weixin Mao, Zihan Lan +6Efficient VLA Model InferenceVisual Token Pruning

  23. ApET: Approximation-Error Guided Token Compression for Efficient VLMs

    Feb 23, 2026Qiankun Ma, Ziyao Zhang, Haofei Wang +3Visual Token CompressionEfficient VLM Inference

  24. Sculpting the Vector Space: Towards Efficient Multi-Vector Visual Document Retrieval via Prune-then-Merge Framework

    Feb 23, 2026Yibo Yan, Mingdong Ou, Yi Cao +5Visual Document RetrievalMulti-Vector Retrieval

  25. OTPrune: Distribution-Aligned Visual Token Pruning via Optimal Transport

    Feb 22, 2026Xiwen Chen, Wenhui Zhu, Gen Li +9Visual Token PruningEfficient VLM Inference

  26. DUET-VLM: Dual stage Unified Efficient Token reduction for VLM Training and Inference

    Feb 21, 2026Aditya Kumar Singh, Hitesh Kandala, Pratik Prabhanjan Brahma +2Efficient VLM InferenceMultimodal Token Compression

  27. EntropyPrune: Matrix Entropy Guided Visual Token Pruning for Multimodal Large Language Models

    Feb 19, 2026Yahong Wang, Juncheng Wu, Zhangkai Ni +6Token PruningVisual Token Pruning