physics.soc-phSep 26, 2025
SaveGeneralized Multi-agent Social Simulation Framework
Organizations: Zhejiang University, China
Abstract
Multi-agent social interaction has clearly benefited from Large Language Models. However, current simulation systems still face challenges such as difficulties in scaling to diverse scenarios and poor reusability due to a lack of modular design. To address these issues, we designed and developed a modular, object-oriented framework that organically integrates various base classes through a hierarchical structure, harvesting scalability and reusability. We inherited the framework to realize common derived classes. Additionally, a memory summarization mechanism is proposed to filter and distill relevant information from raw memory data, prioritizing contextually salient events and interactions. By selecting and combining some necessary derived classes, we customized a specific simulated environment. Utilizing this simulated environment, we successfully simulated human interactions on social media, replicating real-world online social behaviors. The source code for the project will be released and evolve.
Figures & tables
Figure 1. The hierarchical structure of base classes.
Figure 2. The hierarchical structure of the proposed framework.
| Method | Agent Simulation | Memory System | ||
| Self- Knowledge | Reaction | General Response | ||
| Generative Agents ( Park et al., 2023 ) | 68.90 | 40.70 | 31.80 | 38.90 |
| RoleAgent ( Liu et al., 2024 ) | 85.60 | 56.90 | 31.90 | 41.30 |
| Ours | 91.35 | 60.00 | 32.64 | 43.90 |
Table 1. Experimental results on RoleAgentBench
| Method | Agent Simulation | Memory System | ||
| Self- Knowledge | Reaction | General Response | ||
| Ours - Without summary | 78.85 | 57.27 | 30.91 | 25.60 |
| Ours | 91.35 | 60.00 | 32.64 | 43.90 |
Table 2. Ablation results on RoleAgentBench
| Name | Profile |
| Isabella Rodriguez | Isabella Rodriguez, 34, friendly, outgoing, hospitable. Isabella Rodriguez is the owner of Hobbs Cafe who loves to make people feel welcome. She constantly seeks ways to turn the cafe into a relaxing and enjoyable place for visitors. Isabella Rodriguez is planning on having a Valentine’s Day party at Hobbs Cafe with her customers on February 14th, 2023 at 5pm. She is gathering party material, and is telling everyone to join the party at Hobbs Cafe on February 14th, 2023, from 5pm to 7pm. |
| Maria Lopez | Maria Lopez, 21, energetic, enthusiastic, inquisitive. Maria Lopez is a student at Oak Hill College and a part-time Twitch game streamer, loves connecting with people and exploring new ideas. Maria Lopez is working on her physics degree and streaming games on Twitch to make some extra money. She visits Hobbs Cafe for studying and eating just about everyday. |
| Klaus Mueller | Klaus Mueller, 20, kind, inquisitive, passionate. Klaus Mueller is a student at Oak Hill College studying sociology. He is passionate about social justice and enjoys exploring diverse perspectives. Klaus Mueller is writing a research paper on the effects of gentrification in low-income communities. |
Table 3. Profiles of Individuals
Figure 5. The hierarchical structure of the customized environment.
| Comments | |
| Round 1 | Isabella Rodriguez: I’m really concerned about this news, I mean, who isn’t? The thought of contaminated water being released into our oceans is terrifying. As someone who loves making people happy with a warm cup of coffee, it’s hard to think about the long-term effects this could have on our planet. I hope there are measures in place to minimize the damage. By the way, speaking of which, I should probably check if any of my customers are planning to come in tomorrow for Valentine’s Day and discuss this news further with them. |
| Maria Lopez: I completely agree with Isabella’s concerns about … As a physics student, …I wonder if there are any alternative solutions being explored to mitigate the damage? Have they considered using advanced filtration systems or other technologies to minimize the impact on marine life? | |
| Klaus Mueller: I share Isabella’s concerns …, and Maria brings up a great point about exploring alternative solutions like … As someone studying sociology ,, I’m also worried about the impact on vulnerable communities that rely heavily on marine resources for their livelihoods. How will this affect their economic stability and access to clean food? Are there any plans in place to support these communities during this time? | |
| Round 2 | Isabella Rodriguez: I completely agree with Maria’s suggestion… Klaus also raises a very valid point about the impact on vulnerable communities , I hope that there will be support and resources made available to them during this difficult time. |
| Maria Lopez: I’m glad Isabella agrees with my suggestion… has anyone considered the potential economic impacts on these communities and how they can be mitigated? | |
| Klaus Mueller: I appreciate Isabella’s emphasis on supporting vulnerable communities … What measures are being taken to ensure that the voices of these communities are heard in the decision-making process? |
Table 4. The basic single-event discussion
| Comments | |
| Round 1 | Isabella Rodriguez: Oh no, this is really concerning! I mean, we’re just planning a fun Valentine’s Day party at Hobbs Cafe and now I’m worried about the future of our oceans. The thought of contaminated water affecting global waters is terrifying. And what does this mean for marine life? We just heard about that amazing new species of bioluminescent jellyfish discovered in the Pacific Ocean, Aurelia noctiluca - will they be okay? Wow, I’m so amazed by this discovery! A bioluminescent jellyfish that glows in the dark? It’s like something out of a fairy tale! But at the same time, I’m worried about the future of our oceans… I hope this new species will be safe from harm. On a brighter note, it would be wonderful to have some blue-green glow decorations for our Valentine’s Day party tomorrow night at Hobbs Cafe! |
| Maria Lopez: I’m still reeling from Isabella’s concerns about the future of our oceans… As a physics student, I understand the implications of nuclear contamination on marine life, but it’s heartbreaking to think about how this discharge could affect such an incredible species. What kind of long-term effects can we expect from this contamination and are there any efforts being made to mitigate its impact? …But at the same time, I have to agree with her concern about ocean pollution affecting these creatures. Do you guys think there’s a way for us to balance exploring and utilizing new discoveries like this with protecting our oceans from pollution? | |
| Klaus Mueller: I’m deeply troubled by the news about Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge into the Pacific Ocean, especially considering the recent discovery of the bioluminescent jellyfish species Aurelia noctiluca. As Isabella and Maria have mentioned, I too worry about the long-term effects on marine life and our oceans’ future. I’d like to know more about the potential consequences of nuclear contamination on the entire food chain and ecosystem. I wonder if the researchers at the Oceanic Institute of Marine Sciences have considered the potential impact of this pollution on the newly discovered Aurelia noctiluca species. I’m really concerned about the timing of this discovery… This makes me think about the broader implications of human activities on marine ecosystems… | |
| Round 2 | Isabella Rodriguez: I’m still worried about the future of our oceans and the impact on marine life, especially with the discharge of contaminated water into the Pacific Ocean. It’s a bit disheartening to think about this issue… I’m glad Klaus brought up the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant issue and its potential impact on the Aurelia noctiluca discovery… This conversation has made me realize that even small actions…can contribute to a larger effort to protect our oceans and its inhabitants. |
| Maria Lopez: … trying to wrap my head around the fact that this contaminated water discharge is going to be an ongoing process for decades! It’s mind-boggling to think about the potential long-term effects on marine life… … thinking about the timing of the Aurelia noctiluca discovery… As someone who spends a lot of time gaming and streaming, I often think about the virtual worlds we create, but it’s a harsh reminder that our actions in the real world have consequences for our oceans and its inhabitants. | |
| Klaus Mueller: I’m glad to see that Maria Lopez and Isabella Rodriguez are also concerned about the potential impacts of Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge on marine life… I’d love to explore more about the intersection of environmental justice and social justice in this context. As I sit here at the library… Maria’s concerns about the timing of the Aurelia noctiluca discovery and Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge… I’m also inspired by Isabella’s efforts to incorporate eco-friendly elements into her Valentine’s Day party… |
Table 5. The multi-event discussion
| Comments | |
| Round 1 | Isabella Rodriguez: …, especially since I’ve been hearing so many great things about the Pacific Ocean lately - like that amazing discovery of a new bioluminescent jellyfish species! It’s heartbreaking to think that all that beauty and life could be affected by contaminated water. As someone who runs a cafe where people come to relax and enjoy themselves, I want to make sure we’re doing everything we can to protect our environment. I’m thinking of hosting an event at Hobbs Cafe to raise awareness about this issue and what we can do to help - maybe even on Valentine’s Day! I’m so fascinated by the discovery of the bioluminescent jellyfish, Aurelia noctiluca! However, with the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant’s discharge of contaminated water into the Pacific Ocean, I worry about the potential impact on this newly discovered species and its habitat. I hope the authorities will take immediate action to implement strict regulations and establish marine protected areas to safeguard Aurelia noctiluca and other marine life. |
| Maria Lopez: … I love Isabella’s idea of hosting an event at Hobbs Cafe on Valentine’s Day to raise awareness - I’d totally participate and help spread the word! I completely agree with Isabella’s concerns about the fate of Aurelia noctiluca due to Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge into the Pacific Ocean. As a physics student, I understand the devastating effects of nuclear contamination on marine life. It’s heartbreaking to think that this newly discovered species might be threatened before we even have a chance to fully study and appreciate it. | |
| Klaus Mueller: … As someone who’s passionate about social justice and environmental issues, I strongly support Isabella’s ideato host an event at Hobbs Cafe on Valentine’s Day to raise awareness about this issue. Maria’s suggestion for stricter regulations is also crucial, but we need to consider the long-term consequences of contamination on marine life and ecosystems. … it’s striking to me how often marginalized communities are affected by environmental disasters like this one. … we need protected areas to safeguard not just this species, but also the entire ecosystem. | |
| Round 2 | Isabella Rodriguez: I’m glad we’re discussing this issue, Klaus and Maria’s comments have made me realize that hosting an event at Hobbs Cafe on Valentine’s Day is just a small step in raising awareness about Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge. I agree with Klaus that effective implementation and protection of vulnerable communities are crucial. … I hope authorities are taking Klaus Mueller’s concerns seriously and considering protected areas to safeguard the ecosystem. As a cafe owner, I see how much people care about their community, and I believe local involvement is crucial in raising awareness about this issue. |
| Maria Lopez: … As a physics student, I’ve been thinking about the potential consequences of nuclear contaminated water on marine life and ecosystems. Klaus brought up a great point about effective implementation and protection of vulnerable communities - how do we ensure that these regulations are enforced and that the communities most affected by this contamination are supported? …, as I’ve seen firsthand how passionate people can get when they’re invested in a cause. As someone who streams games on Twitch, I know how powerful online communities can be in mobilizing support for important issues. | |
| Klaus Mueller: … our discussion about Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge has been gaining momentum, especially with tomorrow’s event at Hobbs Cafe. I appreciate Maria’s perspective as a physics student, highlighting the importance of effective implementation and protection for vulnerable communities. … to see that our previous discussions have highlighted the need for protected areas and local community involvement in safeguarding Aurelia noctiluca’s habitat, but I’d like to emphasize that we must also consider the social justice implications of Fukushima’s contaminated water discharge on vulnerable communities. |
Table 6. The policy enhanced discussion
| Comments | |
| Round 1 | Isabella Rodriguez: … As a cafe owner, I care deeply about the environment and the impact it has on our daily lives. With my Valentine’s Day party tomorrow, I was thinking of serving some seafood dishes, but now I’m not sure if that’s a good idea. Have there been any reports on how this contamination will affect marine life and the food chain? Should we be concerned about the safety of the seafood we consume? I’m thrilled about … I just hope that with all the excitement, we don’t forget about the importance of protecting their habitats and the ocean as a whole, especially with the news about the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant’s contaminated water discharge. … I’m curious, what do you think we can do to help raise awareness about this issue and support conservation efforts? By the way, speaking of raising awareness, have you heard about our Valentine’s Day party at Hobbs Cafe tomorrow? |
| Maria Lopez: … I’ve been following this news closely, and it’s alarming to think about the long-term impact on marine life and the food chain. The recent discovery of that bioluminescent jellyfish species in the Pacific Ocean is amazing, but it also makes me wonder how this contamination could affect such unique ecosystems. … …Implementing strict regulations on fishing practices and establishing marine protected areas are great starting points. I’d love to explore more ideas on how to promote sustainable practices and protect this incredible species. For example, new technologies for exploring gene expression in cells. | |
| Klaus Mueller: … I agree with Isabella Rodriguez that we need more information on the impact of this discharge on marine life and food safety. … The fact that Japan plans to discharge nuclear contaminated water for 30 years is shocking. … … As someone who is passionate about social justice , I think it’s crucial that we consider the broader implications of this discovery and ensure that our enthusiasm doesn’t distract us from the pressing issues facing our oceans. … I’d like to explore ways to raise awareness about the importance of protecting Aurelia noctiluca’s habitat, as well as other marine life in the region. Perhaps we could collaborate with local communities and stakeholders to develop educational programs or campaigns that highlight the significance of this discovery and the importance of preserving our oceans for future generations. | |
| Round 1 | Isabella Rodriguez: I’m still concerned about serving seafood at my Valentine’s Day party tomorrow, especially after learning that marine biologists just discovered a new species of bioluminescent jellyfish in the Pacific Ocean. … I hope our monitoring and mitigation policies are enough to prevent harm, but I’m not sure if they’re sufficient. …I appreciate Klaus Mueller’s suggestion…As someone who loves making people feel welcome,… Perhaps we could organize events or workshops at Hobbs Cafe to educate people about the significance of conservation efforts? |
| Maria Lopez: … As a physics student, I’ve been digging deeper into the current monitoring and mitigation policies in place for Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant’s contaminated water discharge. From what I’ve read on the web, Japan has implemented measures like the Advanced Liquid Processing System (ALPS) to treat the contaminated water before its release into the ocean. However, I’m still unsure if these efforts will be enough to prevent harm to marine life and the food chain. … … And have you guys seen that article about scientists discovering bioluminescence in deep-sea shrimp? It just goes to show how much more there is to learn about our oceans and why conservation efforts are so crucial. | |
| Klaus Mueller: … I agree with Maria Lopez that Japan’s measures like ALPS to treat the water might not be enough to prevent harm. I am concerned that the Japanese government has decided to discharge contaminated water into the sea without good reason or international consensus. … I’m glad to see that we’re all on the same page about the importance of conservation efforts. … Speaking of which, has anyone considered organizing an event at Hobbs Cafe to raise awareness about the impact of Fukushima’s contaminated water on marine life? … |
Table 7. The internet information guided discussion
Figure 6. The off-the-shelf derived classes thus far.
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