HURRI-GAN: A Novel Approach for Hurricane Bias-Correction Beyond Gauge Stations using Generative Adversarial Networks

The coastal regions of the eastern and southern United States are impacted by severe storm events, leading to significant loss of life and properties. Accurately forecasting storm surge and wind impacts from hurricanes is essential for mitigating some of the impacts, e.g., timely preparation of evacuations and other countermeasures. Physical simulation models like the ADCIRC hydrodynamics model, which run on high-performance computing resources, are sophisticated tools that produce increasingly accurate forecasts as the resolution of the computational meshes improves. However, a major drawback of these models is the significant time required to generate results at very high resolutions, which may not meet the near real-time demands of emergency responders. The presented work introduces HURRI-GAN, a novel AI-driven approach that augments the results produced by physical simulation models using time series generative adversarial networks (TimeGAN) to compensate for systemic errors of the physical model, thus reducing the necessary mesh size and runtime without loss in forecasting accuracy. We present first results in extrapolating model bias corrections for the spatial regions beyond the positions of the water level gauge stations. The presented results show that our methodology can accurately generate bias corrections at target locations spatially beyond gauge stations locations. The model's performance, as indicated by low root mean squared error (RMSE) values, highlights its capability to generate accurate extrapolated data. Applying the corrections generated by HURRI-GAN on the ADCIRC modeled water levels resulted in improving the overall prediction on the majority of the testing gauge stations.