Pre-search query recommendation, widely known as HintQ on Taobao's homepage, plays a vital role in intent capture and demand discovery, yet traditional methods suffer from shallow semantics, poor cold-start performance and low serendipity due to reliance on ID-based matching and co-click heuristics. To overcome these challenges, we propose AIGQ (AI-Generated Query architecture), the first end-to-end generative framework for HintQ scenario. AIGQ is built upon three core innovations spanning training paradigm, policy optimization and deployment architecture. First, we propose Interest-Aware List Supervised Fine-Tuning (IL-SFT), a list-level supervised learning approach that constructs training samples through session-aware behavior aggregation and interest-guided re-ranking strategy to faithfully model nuanced user intent. Accordingly, we design Interest-aware List Group Relative Policy Optimization (IL-GRPO), a novel policy gradient algorithm with a dual-component reward mechanism that jointly optimizes individual query relevance and global list properties, enhanced by a model-based reward from the online click-through rate (CTR) ranking model. To deploy under strict real-time and low-latency requirements, we further develop a hybrid offline-online architecture comprising AIGQ-Direct for nearline personalized user-to-query generation and AIGQ-Think, a reasoning-enhanced variant that produces trigger-to-query mappings to enrich interest diversity. Extensive offline evaluations and large-scale online A/B experiments on Taobao demonstrate that AIGQ consistently delivers substantial improvements in key business metrics across platform effectiveness and user engagement.
Figures & tables
Figure 1. Overview of HintQ
Figure 2. Overview of the AIGQ framework.
Model
Cate HR@30
Sem. Sim.
Query HR@30
Unique Cates
EBR
0.1998
0.5198
0.0100
8.4
Qwen3-30B-A3B
0.3054
0.5554
0.0022
5.4
Gemini 3 Pro
0.3449
0.5475
0.0017
7.0
GPT-5.1
0.3353
0.5606
0.0021
4.6
\textscAIGQ−DirectSFT
0.4181
0.5926
0.0428
7.1
\textscAIGQ−ThinkSFT
0.4437
0.6358
0.0549
7.7
Table 1. General performance on Taobao test set. The best results are illustrated in bold and the number underlined is the runner-up.
Model
Cate HR
Query HR
\textscAIGQ−DirectSFT
0.4181
0.0428
+ Interest-Guided Label Re-Ranking
0.4260
0.0442
+ Prompt Compression
0.4305
0.0442
+ IL-GRPO
0.4695
0.0679
\textscAIGQ−ThinkSFT
0.4437
0.0549
+ Interest-Guided Label Re-Ranking
0.4492
0.0594
Table 2. The experimental results of ablation study.
Category
Metric
Value (%)
Effectiveness
HintQ UCTR
+7.42
Attributed orders
+10.31
Attributed GMV
+10.68
Engagement
LT-7 retention
+3.73
Search UV
+0.20
Discovery
Unique queries
79.3
Table 3. Online performance of AIGQ across effectiveness, engagement, and discovery. Effectiveness and engagement report relative gains while discovery shows the percentage of queries or leaf categories uniquely covered by AIGQ .
Figure 3. Online A/B test: Impact of daily RL updates.