quant-phJul 10, 2026

Quantum Logic as the Logic of Contexts

Authors: Haruki EmoriAtsushi IrikiAndrei KhrennikovKazunori Kondo

Organizations: Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Kita 14, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0814, Japan · RIKEN Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan · Teikyo University Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), 2-21-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0003, Japan · Center for Mathematical Modeling in Physics and Cognitive Sciences, Linnaeus University, Växjö, SE-351 95, Sweden · Graduate School of Human Sciences, Department of Human Sciences, The University of Osaka, 1-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

Abstract

Quantum logic is usually presented as a non-classical departure from ordinary reasoning forced on us by quantum mechanics, with classical logic kept as the secure starting point. We argue for the opposite order of explanation in a finite and fully computable setting. The free orthomodular lattice on two generators has ninety-six elements, the direct product of a six-element non-distributive factor and a sixteen-element Boolean factor. Reading the first factor as a register of contexts and the second as Boolean content, we obtain a calculus whose elements are context--bit-vector pairs and whose operations act component by component. With this calculus we establish three results. First, we classify the six layers by commutativity, identifying the central kernel of context-neutral propositions together with a dual central layer in which all complementary contexts are present. Second, we show that orthocomplementation rearranges the layers exactly as the complementation of the small factor rearranges its elements, which makes the duality among the layers rigid rather than accidental. Third, we prove that the operation forgetting the context is a surjective homomorphism of orthocomplemented lattices whose quotient is the classical Boolean algebra, so that classical logic is a six-to-one, information-losing image of the contextual calculus.

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