eess.IVSep 11, 2026

Conditioning noise is a free regularizer for LoRA fine-tuning: no pathology encoder required for diffusion-based artifact detection in histopathology

Authors: Konstantinos Moutselos, Ilias Maglogiannis

Organizations: Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece.

Abstract

Diffusion-based artifact detectors score whole-slide image patches by reconstruction error under a model fine-tuned on clean tissue. We show that conditioning this fine-tuning on random Gaussian embeddings -- resampled at every step from approx. 200 KB of precomputed embedding statistics, with no encoder, no cache, and no change to inference -- consistently widens the clean/artifact separation. A four-step ablation chain shows the benefit requires neither content (shuffled real embeddings), provenance (synthetic Gaussians), a tuned intensity (flat across an 8x variance range), nor per-patch identity (fresh per-step noise); a LoRA-dropout control shows the conditioning pathway specifically, not generic weight perturbation, carries the effect. Patch-level gains of +0.25-0.48 Cohen's d replicate across nine trainings; honest leave-one-slide-out evaluation clears a pre-registered bar in 2/2 seeds; and two pre-registered external endpoints on a 281-case set confirm pooled Delta F1 = +0.0073 (95% CI) and +0.0129 (97.5% CI, two-look corrected). We release the full evaluation protocol, including measured seed noise and selection-optimism pricing.

Explore similar work

CardsList
  1. The Effect of Tissue Detection on False Positives of Diffusion-Based Artifact Detection in Histopathology

    Sep 30, 2026Konstantinos Moutselos, Ilias MaglogiannisComputational PathologyDiffusion-Based OOD Detection

  2. Reliable Benchmarking of Artifact Detection in Computational Pathology: A Reproducibility and Uncertainty Analysis

    Aug 31, 2026Konstantinos Moutselos, Ilias MaglogiannisComputational PathologyUncertainty Quantification

  3. Patch-to-Global: Random Patch Diffusion for Globally Consistent Megapixel Artifact Inpainting in Whole Slide Images

    Sep 21, 2026Hyeseong Lee, Eunsu Kim, D M Bappy +6Computational PathologyDiffusion Models for Image Restoration