EnvDreamer: Large-Scale Multimodal-to-Environment Generation for Embodied AI
Organizations: MIT · University of Toronto
Abstract
Large datasets and high capacity models have accelerated progress in vision and language. This work introduces a platform aimed at bringing comparable gains to embodied learning, world models, and robotics. We present EnvDreamer, a framework that uses large language and vision language models to generate Unreal Engine 5 environments for embodied AI and robot training. EnvDreamer enables sampling of large, diverse, interactive, customizable, and validator passed virtual environments for training and evaluation across navigation, interaction, and manipulation. We illustrate the platform with a large set of generated scenes and simple baselines. Policies trained on EnvDreamer generated environments, without explicit mapping or human task supervision, achieve competitive results on multiple embodied benchmarks spanning navigation, rearrangement, and manipulation. EnvDreamer also supports image-conditioned reconstruction for real-to-sim studies. Finally, we release EnvDreamer-20k, a dataset of 20,000 validator passed environments with task programs, scene graphs, trajectories, and metadata to support reproducible benchmarking.
Figures & tables
| System | Interactive | Language | Real-to-Sim | Task Type | Scale (Envs) | Open-Vocab |
| ProcTHOR Deitke et al. (2022) | ✓ | CS | 10k+ | |||
| Infinigen Indoors Raistrick et al. (2024) | S | 5k+ | ||||
| PGDrive Li et al. (2022) | ✓ | CST | 100k+ | |||
| Phone2Proc Deitke et al. (2023) | ✓ | ✓ | SH | 100+/scan | ||
| Holodeck Yang et al. (2024) | ✓ | ✓ | CSH | 1k+ | ✓ | |
| Architect Zhang et al. (2024) | ✓ | CS | 100/category | ✓ |
| Benchmark | Scratch | P-10K | ED-20k |
| ProcTHOR ObjNav | 18.5 0.8 / 11.8 0.6 | 31.4 1.2 / 19.5 0.9 | 32.7 1.1 / 20.3 0.8 |
| ArchitecTHOR ObjNav | 14.3 0.7 / 9.2 0.5 | 29.8 1.3 / 18.7 0.8 | 31.2 1.2 / 19.4 0.7 |
| RoboTHOR ObjNav | 28.3 1.1 / 15.2 0.7 | 55.0 1.8 / 23.7 1.0 | 56.4 1.7 / 24.2 0.9 |
| HM3D ObjNav | 6.8 0.4 / 4.2 0.3 | 9.0 0.5 / 5.5 0.4 | 9.8 0.5 / 5.7 0.4 |
| AI2-iTHOR ObjNav | 52.1 1.9 / 38.4 1.4 | 75.7 2.1 / 64.4 1.8 | 76.3 2.0 / 64.9 1.7 |
| Room Rearrangement | 3.2 0.3 | 7.4 0.6 | 8.1 0.5 |
| # ED envs | Arch SR/SPL | Robo SR/SPL | HM3D SR/SPL | AI2 SR/SPL |
| 5k | 24.2 0.9 / 15.3 0.7 | 42.1 1.4 / 18.9 0.8 | 7.9 0.5 / 4.8 0.3 | 70.3 1.8 / 58.2 1.5 |
| 10k | 27.3 1.0 / 16.9 0.8 | 47.2 1.5 / 20.8 0.9 | 8.4 0.5 / 5.2 0.4 | 72.6 1.9 / 60.9 1.6 |
| 15k | 30.1 1.1 / 18.6 0.9 | 51.9 1.6 / 22.6 1.0 | 9.0 0.5 / 5.6 0.4 | 74.8 1.9 / 63.1 1.6 |
| 20k | 32.9 1.2 / 20.3 0.9 | 56.8 1.7 / 24.5 1.1 | 9.7 0.6 / 5.9 0.4 | 76.9 2.0 / 65.2 1.7 |
| Method | Purpose |
| RC_AddAsset | Spawn mesh/Blueprint at pose |
| RC_Remove | Destroy actor by ID |
| RC_SetLocation | Update translation |
| RC_SetScale | Update actor scale |
| RC_SetMaterialColor | Apply colored material |
| RC_SetMaterialTexture | Apply texture asset |
| Prompt | Rooms | Degree | Objects |
| 2BR student apt. | |||
| Open studio | |||
| 3BR family home | |||
| 1BR minimalist | |||
| Luxury penthouse | |||
| Rustic cottage |
| Configuration | Instances | FPS/Instance | Total FPS | Efficiency |
| 1 GPU (3 inst.) | 3 | 119.8 2.1 | 359.4 6.3 | 100% |
| 1 GPU (6 inst.) | 6 | 86.7 4.2 | 520.2 25.2 | 72.5% |
| 1 GPU (12 inst.) | 12 | 53.6 6.8 | 643.2 81.6 | 44.7% |
| 4 GPUs (48 inst.) | 48 | 40.8 5.3 | 1,958.4 254.4 | 34.2% |
| 8 GPUs (96 inst.) | 96 | 28.9 5.7 | 2,774.4 547.2 | 24.2% |
| Scale | Type | Arch SR/SPL | Robo SR/SPL | HM3D SR/SPL | AI2 SR/SPL |
| 10k | Raw | 23.1 0.9 / 14.2 0.7 | 40.5 1.4 / 17.8 0.8 | 7.3 0.5 / 4.4 0.3 | 68.9 1.8 / 56.3 1.5 |
| 10k | Validated | 27.3 1.0 / 16.9 0.8 | 47.2 1.5 / 20.8 0.9 | 8.4 0.5 / 5.2 0.4 | 72.6 1.9 / 60.9 1.6 |
| 20k | Raw | 28.7 1.0 / 17.5 0.8 | 49.8 1.5 / 21.5 0.9 | 8.8 0.5 / 5.4 0.4 | 73.4 1.9 / 61.8 1.6 |
| 20k | Validated | 32.9 1.2 / 20.3 0.9 | 56.8 1.7 / 24.5 1.1 | 9.7 0.6 / 5.9 0.4 | 76.9 2.0 / 65.2 1.7 |
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